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    Hemorheological alterations following an acute bout of nordic hamstring exercise in active male participants
    (IOS Press, 2019) Ünver, Fatma; Kılıç Toprak, Emine; Kılıç Erkek, Özgen; Korkmaz, Halil; Özdemir, Yasin; Oymak, Burak; Oskay, Alten
    BACKGROUND: The Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) has been proven to be an effective preventive technique for hamstring injuries. Hemorheological parameters (erythrocyte deformability and aggregation) play a critical role in exercise influencing oxygenation. Although previous studies presented hemorheological alterations induced by different types of exercise, changes in red blood cell (RBC) deformability and aggregation following NHE remain unknown. Present study was designed to explore possible alterations in hemorheological and oxidative parameters after an acute bout of NHE. METHODS: 10 healthy, male, active students (mean age 19.9 +/- 0.23, BML: 21.56 +/- 0.54) participated to the study. They performed a single session of seven-repetitions of NHE followed by a familiarisation period. Blood samples were obtained before and immediately after the exercise from the antecubital vein. Hemorheological parameters were measured by an ektacytometer. RESULTS: NHE did not change deformability, hematocrit and oxidative stress but, increased RBC aggregation index (AI, p =0 .011) and decreased RBC aggregation half time (t1/2, p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that, increased RBC aggregation following an acute bout of NHE may result in increased plasma skimming and thus ease the flow of blood.
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    Increased erythrocyte aggregation following an acute bout of eccentric isokinetic exercise does not exceed two days
    (IOS Press, 2018) Kılıç Toprak, Emine; Ünver, Fatma; Kılıç Erkek, Özgen; Korkmaz, Halil; Özdemir, Yasin; Oymak, Burak; Oskay, Alten
    BACKGROUND: Isokinetic exercise is used to reduce strength imbalance and to enhance performance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of a single bout of eccentric isokinetic exercise on hemorheology (erythrocyte deformability and aggregation), total oxidant/antioxidant status (TOS/TAS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) in active individuals. METHODS: The study comprises 11 active, healthy, male subjects (mean age of 19.45 +/- 0.31 years, BMI 22.05 +/- 0.51 kg/m(2)). They performed single, unilateral eccentric contractions of knee flexors and extensors with dominant leg on a dynamometer. Isokinetic hamstring, quadriceps strength were recorded at eccentric (30, 120 degrees s(-1)) angular velocities. Eight active age-matched healthy male subjects were included as a control group, who did not receive exercise. Blood samples were obtained before, immediately after and two days after the exercise session. Hemorheological parameters were measured by an ektacytometer. TOS/TAS were determined using a commercial kit. RESULTS: A session of eccentric isokinetic exercise did not affect erythrocyte deformability and oxidative stress indices, whereas red blood cell (RBC) aggregation was increased initially and returned to pre-exercise levels after two days following exercise. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that, increased RBC aggregation following an acute bout of isokinetic exercise may result in increased plasma skimming that augments tissue perfusion and clearance of metabolites within a period of two days following exercise.
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    Investigation of the effects of an acute bout of isokinetic exercise on DNA damage in active male subjects
    (Pamukkale University, 2019) Kılıç Toprak, Emine; Ünver, Fatma; Kılıç Erkek, Özgen; Korkmaz, Halil; Oymak, Burak; Özdemir, Yasin; Oskay, Alten
    Purpose: Isokinetic exercise is used to reduce strength imbalance and to enhance performance. Although previous studies presented alterations on DNA induced by different exercise types; effects of eccentric type of exercise applied with an isokinetic test device on DNA damage assessed by Comet analysis is not known. The effect of the Present study was designed to explore the time course of possible DNA damage following an acute bout of isokinetic exercise. Materials and Methods: 11 healthy, male, active subjects (mean age 19.45±0.31, Body mass index 22.05±0.51) were enrolled. They performed eccentric contractions of knee flexors and extensors with dominant leg on a dynamometer (Humac Norm Testing Rehabilitation system, CSMI Medical Solutions, USA). Isokinetic hamstring, quadriceps strength was recorded at eccentric (30, 120°s-1) angular velocities. Blood was obtained before, after and 2 days following the exercise. DNA damage was measured by Comet analysis. Friedman test was used for statistical analysis, p?0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In terms of DNA damage parameters following isokinetic exercise tail length (18.76±3.08 vs. 16.21±1.14; p=0.027) was significantly decreased, whereas it was increased again on the 2nd day following the exercise compared to the post-exercise value (16.21±1.14 vs.18.33±1.23; p=0.011). Conclusion: Tail length reduction is directly proportional to the decrement of DNA damage. Lowered tail length immediately after the exercise suggests that the applied isokinetic exercise may positively influence genotoxicity. This favorable effect returns within 2 days.