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    Analysis of cost and time deviations in road and bridge maintenance in Iraq with expert systems
    (İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesi, 2023) Al-azzawi, Qutaiba Shafeeq Darb; Nazilli, Hasan Bozkurt; Adnan, Abdurrahman
    The roads and bridges field in Iraq is a vital and important field. However, the road and bridge bandits in Iraq suffer from many problems over the past years, where most roads and bridges lack periodic maintenance, which makes these problems subject to development and increasing, and therefore requires high costs, more time for maintenance. In this study, reliance was made on the expert system technique in calculating the time and cost required to repair and maintain each square meter or meter length of road and bridge problems in Iraq. According to the experiences of Experts and Engineers, as well as adding some problems that they noticed in the roads and bridges in Iraq throughout their work periods, in addition to the problems that were obtained through the literature, so that we get most of the problems that the roads and bridges suffer from in Iraq. The results of the open questionnaire were processed by statistical methods to obtain three answers for each problem for the cost and time. After that, a closed questionnaire was conducted on the existing problems and options to obtain the most accurate results. the results of the closed-ended questionnaire were statistically processed to obtain the most accurate results, so that these results would be a database that would be fed into the expert system, and by the programming language of the MATLAB program, a program was designed and programmed to accurately calculate the time and cost for each problem of roads and bridges according to the field questionnaires Results. It is recommended to rely on This program to reduce losses in terms of cost and time, as well as in the field of planning. There are also important measures that should be taken to advance the roads and bridges field, including periodic maintenance of these facilities.