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    Recycle construction and demolition waste in Iraq between possibilities and challenges
    (İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesi, 2022) Al-janabi, Yaseen Qasim Mohammed; Ghasemlounia, Redvan
    Construction activity requires large amounts of inert materials (such as gravel and sand), and laws and regulations encourage the reuse of construction and demolition. Waste is generated by continuous urban redevelopment. The reuse of building waste is a new issue for Iraq and the use of recycling in general for waste and sewage treatment is still somewhat behind in Iraq. Construction and demolition waste forms a large part of the solid waste management system it continues to rise due to the booming housing and construction industry all over the world. The results showed that the management of construction waste in Iraq requires high efforts from the authorities to develop a national program with clear plans and goals to advance the reality of construction waste. The municipality must cooperate with experienced and specialized engineers and plan with them to sort waste that can be recycled, establish landfills for waste that cannot be recycled, and provide researchers who want to use waste in their research with the mentioned materials. According to qualitative research, construction waste is used to fill low lands and water swamps in some areas to reclaim land for residential or commercial construction. Additionally, the municipality uses traditional methods of building waste disposal, and modern methods of recycling and benefiting from them are not used, there is no sorting of construction waste, and it is dumped in random dumps outside the city. Therefore, the municipality must cooperate with experienced and specialized engineers and plan with them to sort waste that can be recycled, establish landfills for waste that cannot be recycled, and provide researchers who want to use waste in their research with the mentioned materials. Modern methods must be introduced by burying chemicals etc. to take advantage of obtaining gases and investing in construction waste as they are still present in large quantities in city, modern methods must be introduced by burying chemicals, etc. to take advantage of obtaining gases and investing in construction waste as they are still present in large quantities they. Quantitative research showed that most respondents believe that construction and demolition waste affect the environment, representing 93% of all respondents, Also, more than half of the respondents confirmed that there is no interest from the municipality in their city in the issue of construction and demolition waste, as they represent 61% of the total respondents. 52 percent of all respondents strongly agreed to support the creation of a construction and demolition waste recycling plant in their city, and 35 percent agreed with this thought, as well as the use of recycled building materials in engineering applications such as roads and sidewalks. The reuse of materials from demolished buildings and other construction projects is economically beneficial to their city. Only 14% of total respondents think that waste from construction and demolition is carried to a sorting or recycling facility after being discarded; 43% of respondents believe that the waste is taken nowhere, and 43% believe that it is sent to a random dump in their city. Because it stimulates the reuse of resources, protects the environment, and is seen as a step toward a more sustainable environment, the adoption of the idea of recycling building and demolition waste will result in a considerable improvement in waste.