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    AN EVALUATION STUDY: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND PROCESSING OF GLASS SCRAP RECYCLING
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2012) Ertug, Burcu; Unlu, Necip
    On average, one out of two glass bottles coming on to the market is provided by recycling processes in Europe. Glass recycling has been started by the early of 1970s in Turkey, and the recycling amount has been reached to 70 thousand tons recently, while 4.2 million tons which represents only 25 percent of total glass manufactured, is the amount of glass collected annually for recycling in the world. The glass recycle process basically involves collecting, sorting, then crushing and grinding after which glass cullet is produced as the secondary raw material. Removing of the contaminants from the glass cullet, and then melting are the next steps. In this study, recent developments of 100% recyclable without any deterioration in quality, and never decomposable glass, are discussed detailed in terms of glass production processes.
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    Controlled Crystallization of and Spherulitic Morphology in Li2O•2SiO2-BaO•2SiO2 Glasses
    (Indian Ceramic Soc, 2012) Ertug, Burcu; Demirkesen, Erdem
    The crystallization process of Li(2)O(center dot)2SiO(2)-BaO(center dot)2SiO(2) glasses was investigated using DTA, XRD and SEM methods. The incorporation of P2O5 did not result in volume crystallization; a surface crystallization was dominant for all the compositions studied according to DTA data. Lithium disilicate, barium disilicate and different forms of SiO2 were the identified phases after two-stage heat treatment. The spherulitic morphology was observed by SEM after primary crystallization temperature. After the crystallization of barium disilicate phase, the spherulitic morphology disappeared and massive polycrystalline microstructures were formed.