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Öğe Effects of physical activity and massage therapy on sleep disorders among children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review(Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Ekradi, Samaneh; Shahrbanian, Shahnaz; Todd, Teri; Hassani, FahimehBackgroundSleep disturbances are common for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and can have detrimental effects. Sleep disturbances may negatively impact the general well-being and quality of life of children.ObjectivesThe purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effect of physical activity (PA) interventions and massage therapy (MT) on sleep disturbances in children with ASD.MethodsWe reviewed empirical research focusing on the effect of PA and MT on sleep-related variables published from inception to January 2023. Five electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, PsycInfo, and Web of Science) were included in the search. Outcomes included sleep efficiency, sleep-onset latency, sleep duration, sleep behavior, and sleep quality. PEDro and McMaster's scales were used to assess the quality of included studies.ResultsThe search yielded a total of 20 studies meeting all inclusion criteria. Fifteen studies related to the effects of PA and five studies related to the effects of MT on sleep disorders in children with ASD. The total number of participants was 511.ConclusionPA and MT have beneficial effects on sleep efficiency, sleep-onset latency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep quality. In addition, aquatic exercise and swimming were found to be particularly effective in improving sleep in children with ASD.Öğe How has the COVID-19 lockdown affected children's physical activity behaviours?(Springernature, 2023) Shahidi, Seyed Houtan; Aghababa, Alireza; Taşkıran, Mehmet Yavuz; Hassani, FahimehThe implementation of COVID-19 restrictions impacted the day-to-day lives of individuals and their ability to participate in regular community activities; this has led to a decrease in the physical activity of people of all ages, but particularly of children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate physical activity (PA) and mood behaviours in children before and during COVID-19 in Iran. In this study, self-rating questionnaires covering former and current PA patterns and mood were used to collect data on 2047 children. The data collected show the comparisons between levels of PA before and during COVID-19; the duration and intensity of PA in this period varied significantly in both girls and boys. The mood between genders during COVID-19 showed that there was no significant difference. Finally, it should be mentioned that the type of PA plays an important role in the activity of people in these conditions.Öğe Physical activity for children with autism spectrum disorder during COVID-19 pandemic(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Shahrbanian, Shahnaz; Kateb, Meysam Yavari; Doyle-Baker, Patricia K.; Hassani, FahimehIn December 2019, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China that culminated in a serious pandemic condition. Physical distancing restrictions were a significant component of the public health emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic. For children and youth, these restrictions included safety measures that impacted daily activities related to physical activity (PA) participation worldwide. Preliminary evidence suggests that in children with special needs such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), COVID-19 restrictions may have disproportionally led to reduced levels of PA. The aim of this study was to review the benefits of PA for children with ASD and suggest Home PA Program examples for Children with ASD during COVID-19 pandemic and the quarantine time.Öğe Preliminary validity and reliability of the Persian version of the situational motivation scale for use in academic sport contexts(Manisa Celal Bayar University, 2024) Hassani, Fahimeh; Esmaeili, Milad; Sulu, Buse; Givi, Behnam Naghipour; Honarmand, PeymanMotivation is one of the most important psychological factors in recognising human behavior in different settings. The purpose of this study was to analyse the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Situational Motivation Scale (P-SIMS) developed by Guay et al., (2000) in academic sport settings. A total of 231 undergraduate students, 113 males (51.6%) and 106 females (48.4%), participated in the study. The P-SIMS consists of 16 items and four subscales: intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, external regulation, and amotivation. Cronbach's alpha coefficient, interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the internal consistency of subscales, temporal reliability, construct validity of the scale respectively. The Standardized estimate of 16 questions shows that the CFI, GFI, and NNFI indexes are above 0.90 and the RMSEA index is below 0.08, indicating the acceptability of the fit indexes. Also, the results of the calculations performed to estimate the reliability of the scale factors show that the value of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) are good enough and considering that the internal consistency coefficients and temporal reliability of the components of the list are reasonable and appropriate, the reliability of the scale is confirmed. The results showed that P-SIMS has relatively acceptable construct validity and acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The results of this study support the preliminary validity and reliability of the P-SIMS for use in academic sport contexts.Öğe The comparison of sport motivation factors regarding various variables; based on self-determination theory(Uluslararası Bilim Kültür ve Spor Derneği (UBİKS), 2022) Sulu, Buse; Esmaeili, Milad; Hassani, Fahimeh; Rezasoltani, NajmehThe main purpose of the present research was to compare sport motivation factors between boys and girls in different sports and levels of sports activity at Tehran University. This is a descriptive study and the statistical population consisted of all the students in Tehran University among whom 241 filled in the sport motivation scale. The sport motivation scale includes 6 motivation subscales based on self-determination theory. Since statistical data were parametric, İndependent T-test and One Way ANOVA were applied. The research results revealed that there is no significant difference between the groups of boys and girls associated with their type of sports motivation. The comparison of team and individual sports revealed that there is a significant difference related to extrinsic motivation subscale and Integrated Regulation between these two groups. The comparison of motivational factors of elementary, semi-professional, and professional athletes revealed significant differences in all the subscales except amotivation. Taking into account the fact that students constitute a great bulk of society, paying attention to the type of their sports motivation is of high significance and considerable measures have to be taken for them to endure their activities.Öğe The effect of psychological well-being on self-confidence in exercise participants(Deniz Bedir, 2023) Sulu, Buse; Kayğusuz, Şeval; Sinici, Ebru; Hassani, FahimehThis study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological well-being and self-confidence in exercise participants and investigate the effect on it. Personal Information Form, Psychological Well-Being Scale, and Self-Confidence Scale were data collection tools. Participants were reached by convenience sampling method, one of the sampling methods not based on probability. The research population consisted of individuals aged 18-45 who regularly exercise (30 minutes at least three days a week for one year). The study sample consisted of 306 participants, 145 men (47.39%), and 161 women (52.61%), who exercise regularly. Pearson Correlation and Regression analysis were used through the SPSS package program to analyze the obtained data. When the research results were examined, it was seen that psychological well-being had a positive and significant effect on internal and external self-confidence (p<0.05). As a result, psychological well-being is an important predictor of internal self-confidence (62.0%) and external self-confidence (41.0%) in exercise participants.Öğe The relationship between social physique anxiety and nutritional behaviors among students of university(Istanbul Gedik University, 2022) Esmaeili, Milad; Honarmand, Peyman; Hassani, Fahimeh; Mostafavi, KimiaThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between social physique anxiety and nutritional behaviors among male and female students of the university of Tehran. The research was descriptive-correlational. Subjects consisted of all students in 2020, from which 221 people (females (n=110) and male (n=111) (mean: 21.12 ± 2.6) were randomly selected and completed the Social Physique Anxiety and Eating Disorders questionnaires. The Social physique Anxiety Scale was used to collect data and the Garner and Garfinkel 26-item Eating Disorder Questionnaire was used to assess nutritional behaviors. The Pearson correlation test was used to examine the relationship between research variables. Due to the normality of the data based on the K-S test, an independent t-test. The results showed that girls with upper extremity social physique anxiety have an eating disorder (r = 0.20, P≥0.05). On the other hand, boys with upper extremity social physique anxiety showed overeating eating behavior (r = 0.15, P≥0.05). No significant difference was observed in other components. According to the results of the study, girls who have high social physique anxiety are more likely to develop dietary behaviors. However, overeating eating behavior is seen in those boys who have high social physique anxiety.Öğe Türkiye’de çocuklar ve fiziksel okuryazarlık(İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesi, 2023) Irmak, Özlem; Hassani, Fahimeh; Bal, MerveBu çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye’de fiziksel okuryazarlığın çocuklar üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması ve ortaya koyulmasıdır. Araştırmada model olarak belgesel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Literatür taramasında 1 kitap, 13 Türkçe makale, 2 İngilizce makale, 2 derleme ve 4 tez verileriyle okuma ve tarama yapılarak araştırma yapılmış, bu araştırmalara not alma süreçleri eklenmiştir. Fiziksel okuryazarlığın çocuklar üzerindeki etkisi, yapılan makale çalışmaları, bu çalışmalarda geçen metin araştırması ve kitaplarda yer alan cümleler, dokümanlar incelenip analizleri yapılarak çıkan sonuçlar karşılaştırma yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bu derleme araştırmasının sınırlılıkları; yalnızca 6-13 yaş arasındaki çocukların fiziksel okuryazarlığını ve 2015’ten sonraki çalışmaları kapsıyor olmasıdır. Araştırmada fiziksel okuryazarlık 4 boyut açısından ele alınmıştır. Çocuklar ve Fiziksel Aktivite: Fiziksel aktivite, vücudun günlük rutin görevlerini yerine getirebilmesi için, enerji harcadığı herhangi bir hareketidir. Fiziksel aktivite, çocukların daha sağlıklı ve daha zinde olmalarını sağlar. Motivasyon ve Fiziksel Aktivite: Spor motivasyonu, beceri geliştirme, takım ruhu, eğlence, başarı, zindelik, rekabet, performans ve dostluk gibi değişkenlerle ilişkili bir kavram olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Özgüven ve Fiziksel Aktivite: Fiziksel aktivite, stresi azaltır. Ayrıca pozitif olmayı ve pozitif düşünmeyi de öğrettiği için özgüveni arttırır, gerginliği ve kaygıyı azaltır. Fiziksel Okuryazarlık ve Çocuklar: Fiziksel okuryazarlık, çocukların ihtiyacı olan sosyal/bilişsel, davranışsal, sağlık ve dinç kalma ile ilgili becerilerin veya araçların temelini oluşturur. Bu çalışmada fiziksel okuryazarlığın çocuklar üzerindeki etkisi kuramsal olarak incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; fiziksel okuryazarlığın, bireyin aktif yaşam süresini uzatan, fiziksel aktiviteye katılımını artırarak bireyin yaşam kalitesini yükselten ve hayatı boyunca öğrenmesini sağlayan önemli bir etken olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fiziksel okuryazarlığın çocukluk döneminde alışkanlık haline getirilmesi ve bir yaşam tarzı olarak görülmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
