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    Hydrological evaluation of spillway in earth dam, a case study: Khanas dam in Iraq-Duhok
    (İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesi, 2023) Hussein, Suzan Nazmy Hussein; Ghasemlounia, Redvan
    The execution of the embankment requires a significant amount of time, as well as a significant amount of Hydrological resources and experience. As a result, it is necessary for it to be planned, developed, and constructed in accordance with severe requirements in order to achieve a strong structure and high efficiency while maintaining a safe operating environment in order to preserve human contributions. An investigation of any dam site needs a feasibility study for the site as four parts: Preliminary study (Geophysical, Geological and Surveyor study), if this part is evaluated and decision makes, then the second part will be started such as (Geotechnical, Surveying, hydrological, Hydraulically and geological, in details, Then Analysis for design of the dam will be started, and in the final part, the design must be checked and evaluated. In this research Khanas dam Project was evaluated hydrologically after analyzing rainfall data using Hyfran software by 11 models; the best one, according to our analyzing data using comparison by AIC and BIC, is the Exponential (maximum likelihood) model and the maximum estimated rainfall for 24 hours is (265) mm as shown in Table no.1, and maximum flood discharge according to our research is (1,853.44) m3/s for return period (2000) years (for the same return period of the original Khanas dam design). While the Spillway maximum flood in the original design of Khanas dam (947) m3/s and the maximum flood discharge calculated by this research it's about two times of the design value, therefore the Spillway dimensions are not adequacy to pass flood safely in the same return period, and Khanas dam Project in Risk.