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    Adherence to the mediterranean diet and sustainable nutrition: the role of nutrition literacy across generations
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2026) Pınarlı Falakacılar, Çağla; Terzi, Merve; Özvar Kütük, Merve
    Background: Sustainable diets, particularly the Mediterranean diet, are associated with improved human and planetary health. Nutrition literacy influences food choices, yet intergenerational differences in literacy and adherence to sustainable diets remain underexplored. This study examined the relationship between nutrition literacy, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and sustainable nutrition behaviors among Generation X, Y, and Z adults living in Istanbul. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among adults aged 18-60 years. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the E-Healthy Nutrition Literacy Scale, and the Short Questionnaire for Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Sustainable Nutrition. Parametric statistical analyses were performed. Results: Among 1395 participants, adherence to the Mediterranean diet did not significantly differ by generation or gender (p > 0.05). Participants with prior nutrition education were significantly more likely to achieve high nutrition literacy scores and adhere to sustainable eating practices. Adherence to sustainable nutrition increased across generations, with Generation Z exhibiting the highest proportion of low adherence (53%), while Generations Y and X demonstrated progressively higher rates of moderate (39%) and high adherence (31.6%) (p < 0.05). Correlation analyses indicated that adherence to sustainable nutrition was positively associated with the application dimension of nutrition literacy, suggesting that both knowledge and practical skills may influence sustainable nutrition behaviors. Conclusion: Older and more educated participants achieved higher nutrition literacy and sustainable nutrition adherence scores. Knowledge alone is insufficient to ensure healthy or sustainable eating. Enhancing practical skills and providing sustainability-focused nutrition education may improve diet quality and public health.
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    From awareness to action: do the food safety attitudes affect sustainable food consumption behaviors in university students?
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2026) Pınarlı Falakacılar, Çağla; Bilginer Diler, Gamzegül; Terzi, Merve
    Background: Ensuring food safety and promoting sustainable food consumption are increasingly important public health priorities, especially among young adults who are forming long-term dietary habits. This study explored how university students' food safety attitudes relate to their sustainable food consumption behaviors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 360 university students between May and September 2024. Validated scales were used to measure food safety attitudes (FSAS) and sustainable food consumption behaviors (SFCBS). Additional data collected included gender and body mass index (BMI). Statistical analyses evaluated differences between groups and correlations among key variables. Results: The findings showed that 83.3% of participants had adequate food safety attitudes. Female students scored significantly higher than males on both the food safety attitude and SFCBS scales, including subdimensions such as caring, assimilating, and shopping/cooking habits (p < 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was identified between FSAS and SFCBS, particularly for general nutritional behaviors (r = 0.446, p < 0.05). Additionally, positive correlations were found between SFCBS and FSAS subdimensions. Conclusion: Overall, the results indicate that female students exhibit stronger food safety attitudes and sustainable food consumption behaviors, and that fostering awareness of these practices during university years may contribute to healthier, more environmentally responsible lifestyles in line with global sustainability goals.