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  • Öğe
    Machine learning enhancements for electric vehicles: fault detection through deep Echo State Networks (ESN) model
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Büyükbıçakçı, Erdal; Atlı, Cahit; Dumanlı, Metin; Bulat, Selçuk; Nithiya, C.; Gulati, Monika
    Electric vehicles (EVs) are generally considered to be more eco-friendly than traditional forms of mobility. Smart cities are environmentally conscious, and their operation is based on the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy using different kinds of motors. Motors in electric vehicles get electricity from renewable energy (RE) sources through power electronics-based interface connections in order to spin and provide mechanical power. The proposed approach incorporates preprocessing, feature extraction, and training of the model. Data cleansing, data noise reduction, data slicing, and integration are the primary components of data preparation. The principle of sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) is used for statistical analysis and analysis of multivariate datasets in order to identify features. The DESN model was utilized consistently throughout the training process. This state-of-the-art method outperforms SVM and LSTM with an average accuracy of 9 5. 6 5 %.
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    The development and validation of an attitude scale for abortion in Turkey
    (University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2024) Karaşin, Yusuf; Karagöz, Yalçın
    Background Abortion is a complex phenomenon studied not only from a health perspective, but also from a legal and social dimensions. Attitudes towards abortion have been varied significantly across different cultures and historical periods. In Turkey, where abortion is legal under specific conditions and timeframes, understanding these attitudes through the development of a standardized measurement tool can contribute meaningfully to the field. Aim This study aims to develop a reliable and valid attitude scale to measure perspectives towards abortion in a Turkish sample. Methods The study included 303 women aged 18-49 years residing in the Esenyurt district of Istanbul. The scale development process followed a rigorous methodology, including creating a draft scale, obtaining expert input, conducting a pilot application, refining the draft scale, collecting data from the sample group, and performing factor analyses. Results A three-factor structure consisting of 23 items was identified (χ2/df: 2.787, Goodness of Fit Index(GFI): 0.853, Incremental Fit Index(IFI):0.913, Comparative Fıt Index(CFI):0.912, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation(RMSEA): 0.077, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual(SRMR): 0.0751). The three factors labeled as stigma, exclusion and hear respect explained the underlying attitudes captured by the scale. Conclusion This study successfully developed valid and reliable measurement tool to assess attitudes towards abortion has been developed in a Turkish context. The scale provides an important resource for future research and contributes to the broader understanding of abortion-related attitudes.
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    Efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid in reducing the necessity of cholecystectomy due to pre-existing and subsequently formed gallstones in patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
    (BMC, 2025) Demirpolat, Muhammed Taha; Çelikkaya, Muhammet Oğuz; Ertekin, Süleyman Çağlar; Başak, Fatih; Şişik, Abdullah
    BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to investigate whether ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) would reduce the necessity of cholecystectomy in patients diagnosed with asymptomatic gallstones after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and in patients diagnosed with asymptomatic gallstones before LSG.MethodsBetween July 2020 and November 2022, at least 2-year follow-ups of patients who underwent LSG for obesity were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with pre-existing asymptomatic gallstones during preoperative evaluation, those with UDCA treatment (group 1), and observation group (group 2). Patients with newly formed gallstones in postoperative outpatient clinic follow-up, those with UDCA treatment (group A), and those without UDCA treatment (group B).ResultsA total of 425 patients included. At the end of the first year, patients who had newly formed gallstones after LSG had a higher total weight loss percentages (TWL%) (39.8 +/- 6.1) compared to those who did not develop gallstones (37.9 +/- 7.4), which were statistically significant (p = 0.004). Among patients who developed gallstones postoperatively, UDCA treatment was associated with a significantly lower cholecystectomy rate in patients with newly formed gallstones postoperatively (p = 0.025), while no significant difference was shown in patients with preoperative gallstones (p = 0.631).ConclusionUDCA is a promising option for reducing the need for cholecystectomy in patients with post-LSG gallstones, but it appears ineffective for pre-existing gallstones.
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    Development of attitude scale towards caesarean section: a sample of Turkey
    (University of Applied Health Sciences Zagreb, 2024) Karaşin, Yusuf; Öz, Tuğba; Karagöz, Yalçın
    Introduction. Caesarean section is an alternative to normal birth and is performed through an incision. Caesarean section can be a method applied in cases of necessity, but it can also be applied in cases where it is not mandatory. Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the attitudes of women towards caesarean section. Methods. In this regard, 437 women of reproductive age between 18-49 residing in Esenyurt district of Istanbul province were included in the study. In the study, a 42-question survey was first drafted. After receiving expert opinion and conducting a pilot study, a draft survey consisting of 32 questions was applied to the participants in person. Firstly, explanatory factor analysis was applied to the data. Following the analysis, 12 questions that were not collected under any dimension were removed from the scale and 5 factors including 20 questions were found. After this stage, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was applied to the identified factors. Results. It was determined that the model obtained was a perfect fit for the data. Therefore, the scale developed by exploratory factor analysis was con-firmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach’s coefficient of the developed scale was calculated as 0.820 and it was concluded that it was highly reliable. Conclusion. It was decided that the developed scale could be used to measure women’s attitudes towards caesarean section.
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    Free volume impact on ionic conductivity of PVdF/GO/PVP solid polymer electrolytes via positron annihilation approach
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Yılmazoğlu, Mesut; Okkay, Hikmet; Abacı, Ufuk; Tekay, Emre; Çoban, Ozan; Veziroğlu, Sümeyye; Yumak Yahşi, Ayşe; Tav, Cumali; Yahşi, Uğur
    This study reports the effects of free volume (FV) profiles on the ionic conductivities of PVdF/GO/PVP ternary polymer electrolytes using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The electrolytes were characterized by various tests such as FTIR, XRD, TGA-DTG, SEM, contact angle and DMA. FV profiles were evaluated by o-Ps lifetime (τ₃), intensity (I3) and FV fractions (fυ). PVdF exhibits a proton conductivity of 2.1 × 10⁻5 S/m at 80 °C. However, the introduction of GO leads to a decrease in conductivity, with PVdF/GO showing 1.7 × 10⁻5 S/m at 80 °C. The presence of PVP in PVdF/GO/PVP10 and PVdF/GO/PVP30 creates new FV spaces via hydrogen bonds and intermolecular interactions, expanding hydrophobic areas and increasing I₃ values. PVP's high mobility and positive charge density reduce the τ₃ values. In contrast, I₃ and fυ values decrease in PVdF/GO/PVP50, accompanied by a significant drop in τ₃ values and the proton conductivity and dielectric constant peak at 6.1 × 10⁻2 S/m and 77.38, respectively. High PVP concentration may enhance interactions within the polymer matrix, forming a dense structure that, despite reduced FV, maintains or enhances proton mobility through alternative conduction pathways and increased polarization. This study emphasizes the balance of FV and dielectric behavior for efficient electrochemical processes.
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    Human side of strategic alliances, cooperations and manoeuvrings during recession and crisis
    (Springer, 2017) Uslu, Tuna
    Together with the globalizing economy, it is no more possible for any system to survive by ignoring the market changes and transformations. A change taking place anyhow in any place of the world triggers complex processes and affects everyone by growing in waves. Successful ways of business conduct of today is based on predicting the growth speed of these waves and on the ability to carry out strategic cooperations and manoeuvres accordingly. Sometimes these fluctuations also trigger serious crises. Apart from the shocks created in organizational structures, periods of crisis have complex effects on people. Some people approach to these events in hesitation, while other people or organizations happen to have skills to turn these processes into opportunity. The practical examples show that the organizations that adapt to new condition by getting simpler and getting rid of burdens in the constriction process are able to come out in a better condition before the crisis. This section discusses the way of organizations to become human oriented when acting strategically during strategic alliances, cooperations and manoeuvrings.
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    Geodesic path planning characteristics of the reconfigurable 1-S robot workspaces for hyperbolic, elliptical, and Euclidean geometries
    (Polska Akademia Nauk, 2024) Şahin, Haydar
    The path-planning strategies are implemented by establishing the Riemann curvature tensor and geodesic equations of the 1-S robot workspace. This paper’s originality lies in formulation of the parametric 1-S robot workspace for path planning, which is based on the differential geometry of the geodesic and Riemann curvature equations. The novel results in defining the path plan with diffeomorphic and expandable trajectories with zero and negative sectional curvatures are encouraging, as shown in the research article’s result sections. The constant negative, constant positive, and zero sectional curvatures produce hyperbolic, elliptical, and Euclidean geometries. The workspace equation, derived using Lie algebra, defines the parameters of u12, u3, and u4 to obtain the shortest distances in path planning. The geodesic equations determine the shortest distances in the context of Riemann curvature tensor equations. These parameters from the workspace equation (α1, α2, θ1, r1) are used in the geodesic and Riemann curvature tensor equations. The results show that one needs to choose the most convenient parameters of the mechanism for path-planning capabilities. Both the topology of the mechanism, which is 1-S herein and the parameters of the workspaces should be selected for the pre-defined trajectories of the path planning, as shown in the results. The reconfigurable robots have many mechanism topologies to transform.
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    Authoritarian tendencies versus democratization: evidence from Turkey
    (Palgrave Macmillan, 2015) Karakoç, Jülide
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    Redefining endurance testing in soccer: the reliability and impact of a ball-integrated yo-yo intermittent recovery test
    (Campus Educa Sportis S.L., 2025) Yılmaz, Levent; Shahidi, Seyed Houtan
    The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo) is a widely recognized method for assessing aerobic capacity in soccer players. Despite its utility, the test does not incorporate ball manipulation, which is a critical component of soccer-specific endurance. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of a modified soccer-specific Yo-Yo test (MYo-Yo) that includes ball dribbling, passing, and control, and to compare the physiological responses with those from the conventional Yo-Yo test. Twenty elite male soccer players (mean ± SD: age, 16.4 ± 1 years; height, 173 ± 7 cm; body mass, 65.7 ± 10.4 kg) completed both Yo-Yo tests, with and without ball manipulation. Performance metrics included the number of completed shuttles (Level), total distance covered (Distance; m), and blood lactate concentration (Lactate; mmol/L), while maximal oxygen consumption (V̇ O2 max; ml/min/kg) was estimated for all trials. The modified Yo-Yo test (MYo-Yo) demonstrated high reliability, with Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) of 0.802 for Level, 0.982 for Distance, 0.997 for V̇ O2 max, and 0.992 for Lactate (P ≤ 0.001). Comparatively, the MYo-Yo test resulted in significantly lower distances than the standard Yo-Yo test (832 vs. 1520 m, respectively; P < 0.001) and lower lactate concentrations (5.2 vs. 10.9 mmol/L; P < 0.001). No significant correlations were found between the two tests for outcomes (P > 0.05). In summary, integrating ball manipulation in the MYo-Yo test introduces distinct physical and technical demands that influence overall performance. The MYo-Yo test offers a reliable alternative for assessing soccer-specific endurance, better replicating the physical demands encountered during a soccer match.
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    K0S and Λ((Λ)over-bar) two-particle femtoscopic correlations in PbPb collisions at √sNN=5.02 TeV
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Tumasyan, A.; Adam, W.; Andrejkovic, J. W.; Bergauer, T.; Chatterjee, S.; Damanakis, K.; Dragicevic, M.; del Valle, A. Escalante
    Two-particle correlations are presented for KS0, [Formula presented], and [Formula presented] strange hadrons as a function of relative momentum in lead-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 0.607nb−1 and was collected using the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. These correlations are sensitive to quantum statistics and to final-state interactions between the particles. The source size extracted from the KS0KS0 correlations is found to decrease from 4.6 to 1.6 fm in going from central to peripheral collisions. Strong interaction scattering parameters (i.e., scattering length and effective range) are determined from the [Formula presented] and [Formula presented] (including their charge conjugates) correlations using the Lednický–Lyuboshitz model and are compared to theoretical and other experimental results.
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    Distinctive delta and theta responses in deductive and probabilistic reasoning
    (Wiley, 2025) Sevim, Emir Faruk; Yıldırım, Yasin; Ünsal, Esra; Dalmızrak, Esra; Güntekin, Bahar
    IntroductionThe neural substrates of reasoning, a cognitive ability we use constantly in daily life, are still unclear. Reasoning can be divided into two types according to how the inference process works and the certainty of the conclusions. In deductive reasoning, certain conclusions are drawn from premises by applying the rules of logic. On the other hand, in probabilistic reasoning, possible conclusions are drawn by interpreting the semantic content of arguments.MethodsWe examined event-related oscillations associated with deductive and probabilistic reasoning. To better represent the natural use of reasoning, we adopted a design that required participants to choose what type of reasoning they would use. Twenty healthy participants judged the truth values of alternative conclusion propositions following two premises while the EEG was being recorded. We then analyzed event-related delta and theta power and phase-locking induced under two different conditions.ResultsWe found that the reaction time was shorter and the accuracy rate was higher in deductive reasoning than in probabilistic reasoning. High delta and theta power in the temporoparietal, parietal, and occipital regions of the brain were observed in deductive reasoning. As for the probabilistic reasoning, prolonged delta response in the right hemisphere and high frontal theta phase-locking were noted.ConclusionOur results suggest that the electrophysiological signatures of the two types of reasoning have distinct characteristics. There are significant differences in the delta and theta responses that are associated with deductive and probabilistic reasoning. Although our findings suggest that deductive and probabilistic reasoning have different neural substrates, consistent with most of the studies in the literature, there is not yet enough evidence to make a comprehensive claim on the subject. There is a need to diversify the growing literature on deductive and probabilistic reasoning with different methods and experimental paradigms.
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    Real time parking space detection system using a pixel-based processing technique
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Şener, Berkay; Dinçer, Şerife Esra
    This study proposes a real-time parking space detection using a pixel-based image processing technique. The proposed algorithm detects free spaces in a busy parking place video stream. The performance of the algorithm is compared with CNN algorithm using YOLOv8 software. The detection rate of the developed algorithm is found to be 9% higher than the YOLOv8 classification model with 5 times less error rate. Also, the proposed system missed fewer objects and requires less memory space than the YOLOv8 model.
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    VR-based promotion and training of electric vehicles
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Koç, Hamza Eren; Başarslan, Muhammet Sinan; Canlı, Hikmet
    This study presents an innovative application that showcases electric vehicles using Unity-based virtual reality (VR) technology. In addition to acting as a virtual showroom for electric vehicles, this application provides a range of simulation capabilities, including color selection and interior accessories such as steering wheels. Users can gain new experiences in a simulation environment by interacting with customizable features and exploring various aspects of electric vehicles in an immersive setting. This study has brought a new perspective to the automotive industry as a prototype for human-computer interaction (HCI).
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    Development of flood-resistant architectural design proposals on Amasya Yalıboyu house and its surrounding
    (St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2024) Kartal, Özge; Soyluk, Asena; Ürük, Zerrin Funda
    Introduction: Calamities, which are characterised as natural disasters, constitute a major problem on a global scale in terms of causing loss of both life and property. Although disaster risk reduction activities have been carried out in many countries, they still cause great losses. Turkey, as a country where many natural disasters have occurred and large-scale damages have occurred, still has problems in disaster management. The purpose of the study: The study aims to develop architectural design proposals to prevent a possible flood disaster in the context of the historic Yalıboyu house in Amasya, Turkey, in accordance with the principles outlined by FEMA and other organizations. While presenting the proposals, the height of the flood waters and the cultural characteristics of the historical texture were taken into consideration and it was tried not to damage the historical texture. Material and Method: In the flood-resistant building design, the principles of organizations such as FEMA, DSI, and AFAD were investigated, design solutions based on the acquired data were discussed in detail through an important historical structure and its surroundings located in the city of Amasya, Turkey. Results: The city of Amasya, located in the north of the country, has struggled with many natural disasters and suffered losses in the past. According to the 50, 100 and 500 year recurrence flood hydrograph, major floods are predicted to occur in the city. Considering that these floods may cause loss of life and property, it is important to take architectural measures and especially Yalıboyu houses, which stand out with their historical texture, under protection. In this historical texture, which is in direct contact with the Yeşilırmak River, suggestions were the first presented in the context of the building environment, and then architectural solutions were gradually developed based on the rise of flood waters at the building scale. Recreation areas that can form reservoirs and basins for undefined and empty areas, permeable materials for vehicular and pedestrian paths, raising the lower level of windows for buildings without high entrances and the use of barriers for doors are proposed for the building surroundings. At the building scale, measures were taken at the first stage by providing permeability with green walls with drainage systems at the points of the first contact with flood waters. In the following stages, flood barriers, flood-resistant building materials, basement fill and flood openings were used to prevent the contact of flood waters with the building. At the same time, it is possible to achieve environmental and economic gains with the rainwater collection system proposal. Conclusion: The proposed solutions have been a precaution against the predicted flood risk by not disturbing the texture reflecting the history of the city. Especially in order to prevent historical buildings from being affected by disasters, evaluations should be made on the basis of each disaster and solution proposals should be presented to the municipality and administrative authorities by the relevant professional groups and implementation should be started.
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    Occupational health and safety risks in aircraft arresting barrier systems
    (Prof.Dr. İskender AKKURT, 2024) Güngördü, Gürhan; İmamoğlu, Bülent
    Occupational health and safety is a fundamental objective for businesses and various organizations. It is a known fact that the aviation industry is a complex organization with high security. It is of great importance to determine the real risks encountered in aircraft arrest operations, which is a branch of the aviation industry. It is aimed to determine the risk factors on Aircraft Arresting Systems, which provide solutions to the stopping problems that occur as a result of hydraulic failures of fighter-type aircraft.In this study, the purposes and definitions of AASs were explained, their installation stages and working principles were examined and the hazards related to their impact on flights were identified. The risks that these hazards may pose have been meticulously identified in order to guide future studies. In this context, the study aims to identify the main hazards and the sector-specific vulnerabilities that these hazards may create, taking into account the differences in high-risk variables specific to the service sector. The primary objective of this study in the field of is to reduce workplace accidents and occupational diseases, thus contributing to social policy and security. In this context, the study aims to identify the main hazards and the sector-specific vulnerabilities that these hazards may create for AAS, taking into account the differences in high-risk variables specific to the service sector.
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    Effect of mediterranean diet on breast cancer: meta-analysis
    (Turkish Society of Public Health Specialists, 2024) Demirci, Ülkü; Karaağaç, Rabia Melda; Pınarlı Falakacılar, Çağla; Kaptanoğlu, Ayşe
    Objective: In this meta-analysis, we have assessed the effects of Mediterranean Diet on breast cancer. Methods: Case-control and cross-sectional studies were searched using PubMED, SpringerLink, and Taylor & Francis databases for inclusion in the meta-analysis. We confined our search to the studies conducted and published after year 2000. From all the included studies, geography, sample size, study design, study evaluation method, outcome, risk factors (lowest and highest limit and OR values), and 95% confidence interval data were extracted. Eleven studies with 26361 participants were included of which 10 were case-control studies and 1 was cross-sectional study. Results: Following the analysis according to the random effects model, it was observed that compliance with the Mediterranean Diet or the high consumption amount of olive oil, seafood, whole grains, vegetables, and fruits in the Mediterranean Diet has a positive effect on breast cancer. The effect size was found to be OR 0.77 (0.68-0.88). Conclusion: This meta-analysis, including the studies evaluating the effect of Mediterranean diet on breast cancer, concluded that the Mediterranean Diet has positive effects on breast cancer. The risk of breast cancer was found to be decreased with the increased compliance of the Mediterranean Diet.
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    Investigation of residual stress variation in sequential butt welding and pocket material removal machining processes utilizing pre-stress method: a 3D simulation approach
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Çetintav, Işık; Can, Yılmaz; Akkuş, Nihat
    This study investigates the residual stresses arising from welding and machining processes, recognizing their adverse implications in manufacturing. Employing experimental analysis and simulation techniques, the research scrutinizes residual stress alterations resulting from sequential butt welding and subsequent machining. Utilizing MSC Marc Mentat software(version 2016), three-dimensional models are developed to simulate these processes. The finite element model from welding simulation seamlessly integrates into cutting simulations via the pre-state option. The experimental procedures involve 100 × 100 × 10 mm AISI 304 steel plates subjected to sequential welding and machining, with residual stresses measured at each stage. A comparative analysis between experimental and simulation results elucidates variations in residual stresses induced by sequential processes. The study focuses on examining the initial stress state post-welding and numerically assessing stress modifications due to milling. The results suggest minimal material removal insignificantly affects stress distribution and magnitude at the weld centerline. However, increased material removal leads to noticeable changes in through-thickness transverse stress within the weld zone, contrasting with marginal alterations in through-thickness longitudinal stress. Regions distanced from the weld seam show substantial increases in through-thickness longitudinal stress compared to marginal changes in through-thickness transverse stress.
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    Chemical and vibrational criteria for identifying early sèvres factory porcelain productions
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Colomban, Philippe; Şimşek Franci, Gülsu; Gerken, Mareike; Gironda, Michele; Mesqui, Viviane
    Thirteen porcelains assigned to Sèvres factory productions and a few references to the other contemporary factories (Chantilly, Limoges, and Venice) have been studied on-site with a portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer in order to control the provenance attribution. Characteristic XRF signals of major elements (Si, Ca, K, Pb) and minor/trace (Au, Bi, As, Ti, Co, Cu, Zn, Ni, Y, Zr, Rb, and Sr) elements are compared for the paste, blue mark, various glazed (colored) areas, and gilding. The comparison of peak intensities clearly distinguishes different types of hard- and soft-paste porcelain, made from either similar or distinct raw materials. The analysis of transition elements associated with cobalt identifies three types of cobalt blue and reveals that du Barry-style decoration on certain artifacts was typical of 19th-century production. On-site comprehensive studies of the two famous Etruscan-style breast bowls from Rambouillet Castle dairy, using pXRF and Raman spectroscopy, confirm the use of soft-paste porcelain for the cup and hard-paste for its support, providing detailed information on the use of gold nanoparticles in the burgundy-colored decoration.
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    Non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor behaviors of polyaniline: silicene nanocomposite-a study on sensitive and selective sensor design against glucose
    (Electrochemical Society Inc., 2024) Baytemir, Gülsen; Akay, Özge; Konuk Ege, Gözde; Taşaltın, Nevin
    This study represents a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on a Polyaniline: Silicene nanocomposite for the detection of glucose. A simple, clean and a low-cost sonication technique was used to prepare silicene nanosheets. XRD, FFT, SAED, HRTEM and FT-IR tecniques were used for characterization and CV for the detection of glucose. Current-voltage measurements were taken at various scanning rates (10-100 mV s-1). The active surface areas of PANI and PANI: Silicene nanocomposite based sensors were determined as 0.122 cm2 and 0.179 cm2, respectively. The nanocomposite material presented large peak currents, indicating that the nanocomposite elicited enhanced electrochemical activity with the presence of silicene for glucose detection in the concentration range of 0.75-12 mM. At a scan rate of 50 mV s-1, PANI-based sensor exhibited a sensitivity of 6.51 mu AmM-1 cm-2 with detection limit of 5.52 mu M, while the PANI: Silicene nanocomposite-based sensor exhibited a sensitivity of 20.93 mu AmM-1 cm-2 with 0.43 mu M detection limit. The selectivity of the sensors to measure glucose was also explored by characterizing their electrochemical performances in the presence of fructose and lactose. Due to these enhanced electrochemical performance, PANI: Silicene nanocomposite could be a promising biosensor material for glucose analysis for biomedical applications. A simple, clean and a low-cost sonication technique was used to prepare silicene nanosheetsPANI: Silicene nanocomposite material was prepared and used to modify the PANI electrode for use in the detection of glucose by cyclic voltammetry.The nanocomposite showed enhanced electrochemical activity with the presence of silicene.The electrochemical sensor made it possible to distinguish the glucose signal in the presence of coexisting substancesPANI: Silicene nanocomposite material validated glucose detection accuracy with a low detection limit, promising material in biomedical applications.
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    Development of deep learning approaches for drought forecasting: a comparative study in a cold and semi-arid region
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Gharehbaghi, Amin; Ghasemlounia, Redvan; Vaheddoost, Babak; Ahmadi, Farshad
    Drought is an intricate natural disaster that substantially menace the world. Its exact forecasting has a remarkable impact in several parts such as food production, business, industry, etc. In this study, in order to assess the drought procedure in Mahabad River basin, the temporal meteorological reconnaissance drought index (RDIMRB) in four diverse time scales including 3, 6, 9, and 12-month are computed using 576 monthly climatic datasets recorded from Sep 1974 to Aug 2022. To predict the time series RDIMRB, different standalone deep neural network (DNN) models including LSTM, GRU, Bi-directional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), and Bi-directional GRU (Bi-GRU) with the sequence-to-one regression module of forecasting (seq2one) are developed. For sake of this aim, the first 70% of data (395 months) and the last 30% of data (169 months) chronologically are used in the calibration and validation parts, respectively, to feed in the models development process. So as to achieve the most advantageous models’ structure, a lot of scenarios are adopted by tuning the meant meta-parameters including NHU (number of hidden units), SAF (state activation function), and P-rate (learning dropout rate). According to the performance assessment criteria, total learnable parameters (TLP) criterion, and comparison plots, the Bi-GRU model is verified as the most satisfactory model, and best results are obtained in RDIMRB-12. It under the epitome meant meta-parameters achieved (i.e., NHU = 120, P-rate = 0.5, and softsign as the suitable SAF) results in the RMSE, MBE, NSE, PBIAS, and R2 of 0.17, 0.011, 0.92, -2.02%, and 0.86, respectively, nonetheless for the GRU model are gotten 0.64, 0.071, 0.23, 17.97%, and 0.65, respectively.