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Positive body image is a pathway between nature contact and life satisfaction across 58 nations
(Elsevier Ltd, 2026) Swami, Viren; Voracek, Martin; Stieger, Stefan; Stieger, Stefan; Ranjbar, Hamed Abdollahpour; Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju; Beydaǧ, Kerime Derya
Time spent in nature benefits human mental and physical well-being. However, much of the variance in outcomes of nature contact remains unexplained, suggesting that new mechanistic pathways need to be considered. Here, we tested a novel conceptual model linking nature contact with life satisfaction via pathways involving positive experiences of living in and experiencing the world through the physical self. Using data from the Body Image in Nature Survey (BINS; N = 50,363), representing respondents from 58 nations and speaking 36 different languages, we find that nature contact is associated with greater self-compassion and greater perceived restoration in nature, which in turn are associated with more positive body image. In addition, more positive body image is associated with greater life satisfaction. These associations were robust to sensitivity tests, generalised to all gender identities and age groups, and held individually in almost all national groups and languages. Although replications are needed, we propose that the materialities of natural environments help to link bodily experiences to the production and experience of well-being, a process that is largely stable across national groups.
Spatial representations of ecological vandalism in dystopian science fiction cinema
(Nilay OZSAVAS ULUCAY, 2026) Türkmen, Anday
This study examines the relationship between ecological vandalism and spatial representation in dystopian science fiction cinema. Adopting a qualitative research design, the study utilizes Seymour Chatman's narrative analysis framework. The film universe of the study comprises dystopian science fiction works that thematically address the spatial consequences of ecological disasters. From this universe, three films were selected using purposeful sampling based on specific theoretical and content-related criteria. The selected films are: A Boy and His Dog (1975), Waterworld (1995), and Snowpiercer (2013). The analysis indicates that ecological vandalism transforms space into fragmented, mobile, or enclosed structures, and these transformations shape the cinematic narrative through atmosphere, plot structure, and symbolic representations. This study reveals cinema's spatial representation of ecological crises, contributing to ecocritical film studies and offering new insights into the intersection of environment, narrative, and visual culture.
Source-space EEG alpha activity reveals brain age gaps due to neurodegeneration and disparity
(Nature Research, 2026) Otero, Monica; Carriel-Rubilar, Felipe I.; Hernandez, Hernan; Cuadros, Jhosmary; Condado, Jorge G.; Sainz-Ballesteros, Agustin; Santamaria-Garcia, Hernando; Yıldırım, Ebru
Brain clocks are promising tools for evaluating brain health. However, most current methods rely on structural neuroimaging. Functionally based approaches remain scarce, especially for assessing age-related neurodegenerative diseases. This study examines whether the brain age gap (BAG), the difference between chronological and predicted brain age, reflects neurodegeneration when estimated from electroencephalographic resting-state (rsEEG) alpha-oscillations, a well-established marker of brain functional aging. It also explores whether alpha-based brain clocks reflect sociodemographic diversity and structural inequality. The BAG was computed using spectral descriptors of alpha-activity in the rsEEG source space of 1228 healthy participants, individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and patients with Alzheimer's disease or behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, residing in 10 countries with varying levels of structural inequality. BAGs are increased in MCI and dementia groups, particularly in posterior cortical regions. Structural inequality emerges as the strongest predictor of BAG, surpassing cognition, education, and sex. The findings indicate that an alpha-oscillation-based brain clock provides a sensitive functional marker of brain aging, capable of capturing neurodegenerative processes as well as the impact of social disparities. This scalable, accessible approach to brain health shows promise for translational use and population-wide screening in underserved, resource-limited settings.
The effect of depression, anxiety and stress levels on the quality of life and self-care agency of patients with gynecological cancer: cross-sectional study
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2026) Yalçın, Esra; Küçükkaya, Burcu
Objective This study aimed to examine the effects of depression, anxiety and stress levels on quality of life and self-care agency of patients with gynecological cancer. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted with 182 gynecological cancer patients who applied to the Gynecology and Pediatrics Clinic and the Gynecology and Pediatrics Service of Marmara University Pendik Training and Research. Research data were obtained using Personal Information Form, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21), Quality of Life Index Cancer Adaptation-III (QOL-CV) and Self-Care Agency Scale (SCAS). Results A statistically significant and negative correlation was found between the patients' self-care agency and the levels of stress (r=-.446), anxiety (r=-.491) and depression (r=-.549) (p<.001). A statistically significant and negative correlation was found between the level of quality of life and the levels of stress (r=-.529), anxiety (r=-.451) and depression (r=-.597) (p<.001). A multiple linear regression model was applied with the stepwise method to determine the independent variables affecting the patients' depression, anxiety, stress, self-care agency and quality of life levels, and it was found that the independent variables in the model explained 62.2%, 22.7%, 20.4%, 53.6% and 73.7% of the total change in the dependent variable, respectively. Conclusion The depression, anxiety and stress levels of gynecological cancer patients increase, their quality of life and self-care ability decrease. It is recommended that women's health and diseases nurses assess depression, anxiety and stress, quality of life and self-care ability during the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up processes of gynecological cancer patients and plan, implement, and evaluate nursing care processes accordingly.
A novel hyperbolic tangent-augmented controller framework for temperature control in jacketed continuous stirred tank reactors
(Nature Research, 2026) İzci, Davut; Ekinci, Serdar; Ökten, İrfan; Çınar, Rıdvan Fırat; Rashdan, Mostafa; Salman, Mohammad; Bektaş Güneş, Burcu; Ahmad, Mohd Ashraf
Accurate temperature regulation of jacketed continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) remains a challenging task due to strong nonlinearities, tight coupling between mass and energy balances, and sensitivity to disturbances and operating-point variations. In this study, a novel augmented proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller incorporating a hyperbolic tangent nonlinearity (APID-T) is proposed for robust temperature control of an exothermic CSTR. The controller structure extends the classical PID framework by embedding a bounded nonlinear term that enhances transient shaping and robustness while preserving simplicity and practical implementability. The tuning of the APID-T parameters is formulated as a constrained nonlinear optimization problem, where a composite objective function combining normalized overshoot and integral squared error is minimized. To solve this problem efficiently, the recently developed Schrödinger optimizer (SRA) is employed, exploiting its balanced exploration–exploitation mechanism. A detailed nonlinear dynamic model of the jacketed CSTR is considered, and stability characteristics around the nominal operating point are examined to ensure meaningful closed-loop operation. The proposed SRA-based APID-T design is extensively evaluated through comparative simulations against several state-of-the-art metaheuristic optimizers and alternative controller structures, including PI, PID with filter, two-degree-of-freedom PID, and fractional-order PID controllers. Performance is assessed using statistical indicators, convergence behavior, and time-domain response metrics under identical optimization settings. In addition, widely used error performance criteria, including the integral squared error, integral time absolute error, and integral time squared error, are computed to provide a comprehensive quantitative assessment of the tracking performance. The results demonstrate that the SRA-tuned APID-T controller consistently achieves lower objective-function values, faster convergence, reduced settling time, and significantly smaller overshoot compared with the competing approaches. Furthermore, frequency-domain analysis based on the Bode characteristics of the linearized open-loop system confirms favorable stability margins, supporting the robustness of the proposed control structure. Additional stability and robustness evaluations are conducted under practical non-ideal conditions, including feed-temperature disturbances, measurement noise, and multiple setpoint variations, where the controller maintains stable and accurate temperature regulation across the considered operating scenarios.
Shielding efficiency of iron doped tincal: a first-principles study
(Elsevier B.V., 2026) Duru, İzzet Paruğ; Özuğurlu, Ersin; Arda, Lütfi
The idea of shielding has been popular for decades as a way to reduce unwanted radiation in a variety of applications, especially in the areas of security and health. Fe-doped tincal nanoparticles were examined in this article as a possible option for this use. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to calculate the dielectric function of Fe-doped tincal and shielding efficiency (SE). Fe-doped tincal structures were subjected to geometry optimization through the substitution of Fe at particular boron sites. After determining the formation energy to evaluate stability, the optical characteristics were calculated. The process was repeated for collinearly ordered ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) states. Considered structures obeyed the AFM state. On the other hand, low conductivity is indicated by the Fermi level electronic density of states (DOS). While bare tincal has a large indirect band gap (∼5eV), the band gap was almost nonexistent in both doped examples. The electromagnetic shielding efficiency ratings were determined to be extremely poor for all setups. Except for the low-frequency band, no discernible variations in SE were found between various configurations and photon polarizations. Significant variations were found for interactions with low-energy photons, especially in the ultraviolet spectrum.
The effects of traditional games on physical literacy among school-aged children
(Frontiers Media SA, 2026) Çınar, Meliha; Hassani, Fahimeh
Introduction: Physical literacy is crucial for promoting lifelong engagement in physical activity. In response to rising childhood inactivity, this study explores the impact of traditional children's games on physical literacy within a school context. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was applied involving 60 students (aged 11–12) from two schools in Trabzon, Turkey. The experimental group participated in an 8-week program of culturally-rooted traditional games. The control group followed standard physical education activities. Pre- and post-test data were collected using a validated Physical Literacy Scale. Results: Statistical analyses indicated significant improvements (p <.001) in all four domains of physical literacy—physical, psychological, social, and cognitive—in the experimental group compared to the control group. Discussion: Traditional games are shown to be inclusive, culturally relevant, and effective pedagogical tools for improving physical literacy in school-aged children. Their integration into school curricula is supported as a cost-effective and holistic educational strategy.
Correlation of the endoscopic esophagogastric junction integrity with symptomatic gerd in patients undergoing work-up for metabolic and bariatric surgery
(Springer, 2025) Şişik, Abdullah; Dalkılıç, Muhammed Said; Gençtürk, Mehmet; Yılmaz, Merih; Erdem, Hasan; Nguyen, Ninh T.
BackgroundGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common adverse effect after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS). Identifying patients with preexisting GERD is critical for preoperative planning. The American Foregut Society (AFS) recently proposed a new endoscopic classification system for objective assessment of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) integrity, building upon the Hill classification. Grade 1 represents an intact EGJ, while grades 2, 3, and 4 represent partial, moderate, and complete disruption of the ARB. Unlike Hill classification, the AFS classification includes objective measurement of hiatal axial length and aperture diameter. The study aimed to evaluate the ability of the AFS hiatus classification to predict GERD severity using symptom questionnaires.MethodsWe performed a prospective study of obese patients who underwent endoscopy as work-up for MBS. The endoscopy was evaluated for esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, and AFS grade. All patients were also surveyed preoperatively with the GERD-HRQL, GerdQ, and RSI. The correlation between AFS grades and questionnaire scores was analyzed using Spearman's test.ResultsA total of 393 patients were included in the study. There were 81% female, with a mean age of 36 +/- 10.7 years and a mean BMI of 41.7 +/- 7.2 kg/m2. The AFS grades were distributed as follows: 11 (2.8%) patients had grade 1; 137 (34.9%) had grade 2; 162 (41.2%) had grade 3; and 83 (21.1%) had grade 4. There was a positive but weak correlation between AFS grades and all scoring systems, including GERD-HRQL (r = 0.201), heartburn (r = 0.203), regurgitation (r = 0.212), RSI (r = 0.110), and GerdQ scores (r = 0.202). However, the proportion of patients with esophagitis increased progressively with increasing grades (0% in grade 1, 2.2% in grade 2, 9.9% in grade 3, and 32.5% in grade 4, p = 0.01).ConclusionThe AFS hiatus classification can stratify the population with obesity based on rate of esophagitis and symptom scores. This study supports the practical utility of the AFS classification as an adjunct in the detection of patients who are at risk for GERD after MBS. Further validation studies with pH testing are needed.
A predictive maintenance system for field cabinets using artificial intelligence
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2026) Orhan, Mehmet Yağız; Yerden, Aytaç Uğur
Outdoor telecommunication field cabinets are exposed to environmental conditions that can lead to equipment degradation, network instability, and increased maintenance costs. However, current monitoring approaches are predominantly reactive and lack predictive intelligence at the environmental level. The design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based intelligent monitoring and predictive maintenance system for network cabinets used in telecommunication infrastructures are presented in this study. These cabinets, which house critical network equipment, are highly sensitive to environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. The proposed system integrates DHT22 sensors with a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W microcomputer to collect real-time environmental data and transmit it to a centralized database via a FastAPI-based service. To ensure data reliability, preprocessing techniques such as outlier removal, interpolation, and normalization were applied. Three different artificial intelligence algorithms were developed to detect abnormal patterns in time series data: Isolation Forest, Autoencoder, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Forecast. Results indicate that the Isolation Forest effectively identifies sudden spikes, while the LSTM model achieves superior temporal awareness by detecting deviations with a Mean Squared Error (MSE) below 0.0002 for temperature trends. Field tests conducted on an actual cabinet in Istanbul confirmed that the developed architecture can detect anomalies at an early stage, improve network reliability, and reduce maintenance costs. The study shows that the integration of IoT-based sensors with AI-powered analytics provides a scalable and energy-efficient solution for proactive monitoring of telecommunication infrastructures.
Alternative space construction through creative mapping: the design potential of cinematic narratives in the case of Alice in Wonderland
(Centro de investigacion de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo, Universidad de Cuenca, 2026) Başçı, Selva
This study aimed to integrate fantastical cinematic narratives into alternative spatial constructs using creative spatial mapping methods. In a design application conducted with Interior Architecture students using the film Alice in Wonderland as an example, mapping was used as a tool for analyzing the existing narrative and generating new spaces based on this analysis. The findings show that, despite being based on the same narrative, distinct spaces with clear formal and semantic differences were produced. Consequently, creative spatial mapping is considered a flexible and productive design tool that enables the reinterpretation of fictional worlds, and a qualified approach that supports creative thinking in design education.
Corrosion studies of additive manufactured lattice architectures
(Springer Nature, 2026) Gürkan, Doruk; Sağbaş, Binnur
The research provides an analysis of the corrosion of additive manufactured metallic lattice structures. Additive manufacturing provides an opportunity to generate complex lattice geometries such as strut based, surface based and shell based. These types of lattice structures provide immense potential for applications from implants to biomedical devices and components of aircraft. The paper delves into details of factors like corrosion-resistant properties of thin protective film on metallic surfaces and localized corrosion mechanisms of pits. In addition to these factors, the role of galvanic corrosion in various domains of metallic lattice structures has been discussed. The role of lattice structure design on corrosion properties has been discussed. Geometry parameters like relative density and cell size determine electrolyte flow patterns. The influence of strut and cell size on ion movement in electrolytes makes it evident that there is an important balance to be achieved for an additive manufacturing component to possess high strength as well as high corrosion-resistant properties. Additional processing and application of coatings on surfaces of metallic components improve corrosion-resistant properties. These techniques improve the strength of the biofilm on metallic surfaces by eliminating surface irregularities that act as primary corrosion site domains.
Performance of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-based coolers for semi-conductive thermoelectric modules
(Springer Nature, 2026) Dilibal, Savaş; Demiröz, Ömer Buğra
The performance and longevity of semi-conductive thermoelectric modules depend heavily on efficient thermal management, which is essential across applications in electronics, battery systems, and biomedical technologies. Conventional manufacturing approaches for compact cooling structures are limited by geometric complexity, machining difficulties, and high prototyping costs. In this study, Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-based additively manufactured passive AlSi10Mg coolers were designed, fabricated, and thermally evaluated. Three distinct geometries with equal fill ratios were designed to optimize heat dissipation across thermoelectric module surfaces. Numerical simulations verified thermal distribution prior to fabrication, ensuring alignment between design parameters and module requirements. The LPBF-based additive manufacturing enabled the precise realization of complex geometries, producing components with high dimensional accuracy, excellent surface quality, and thermal conductivity suitable for integration with TEC-12710 modules. Following fabrication, the cooling structures were mounted to the thermoelectric modules with thermal paste and tested under controlled conditions. Results confirmed that LPBF-fabricated geometries enhanced heat transfer efficiency, accelerated surface cooling, and provided more uniform temperature distribution compared to conventional designs. The findings demonstrate the potential of LPBF as a versatile and cost-effective solution for manufacturing tailored thermal management coolers for thermoelectric components, with promising applications in mechatronic devices, medical electronics, energy storage, and compact thermal regulation systems.
Immigration in the United States of America: a historical and political review
(Uchitel Publishing House, 2026) Atatüre, Süha
This article focuses on two main interconnected subjects. The first subject examines the nearly four-hundred-year history of immigration in the United States. The second evaluates how this remarkable phe-nomenon of immigration experienced by the United States has become a global threat not only to the United States but all nation-states in the twenty-first century. Since the adoption of its Constitution in 1791, the United States has welcomed immigrants from various parts of the world. However, this process has been subject to certain restrictions and conditions. In this frame at times, the United States has made agreements with neighboring countries to accept large numbers of immigrants. Conversely, at other times, they have deported to different countries the previously accepted immigrants or completely banned their entry. Despite extensive experience with both positive and nega-tive results, illegal immigration remains a primary concern for U.S. leaders. Today, immigration and the problems of immigrants continue to be unresolved issues. In the twenty-first century, immigration has emerged as a worldwide issue affecting not only the United States, but all countries due to a multitude of reasons. The challenges of immigration we face today are just one aspect of a larger set of issues that I refer to as the ‘Integrated Threat,’ which encompasses numerous global challenges. In this article, I will begin by outlining the history of immigration in the United States and the perspectives of three re-cent presidents on this issue. Furthermore, the worldwide challenge of immigration will be assessed alongside the Integrated Threat.
Effect of channel geometry on the performance of an electrostatic precipitator: a comparative numerical study
(MDPI, 2026) Kılıç, Halil; Konuk Ege, Gözde; Temiz, İsmail; Genç, Garip; Akay Sefer, Özge; Sefer, Ahmet
This study presents a numerical investigation of the influence of channel geometry on electrohydrodynamic (EHD) processes governing particle transport in electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). A conventional rectangular channel is compared with concave configurations using a coupled multi-physics model that accounts for gas flow, electric field distribution, ion transport, and particle migration across a wide particle-size range. The results show that geometric modification significantly alters ion transport and charge distribution within the ESP channel. Compared with the rectangular configuration, the concave profile enhances ion penetration and particle charging, leading to improved collection efficiency across the entire particle-size range. The improvement is particularly pronounced near the minimum-efficiency region for submicron particles. Specifically, near 0.1 mu m, the collection efficiency increases from approximately 30% in the rectangular channel to approximately 50% for the higher-contraction concave configuration, representing an improvement of nearly 20 percentage points. A comparison with a Venturi-like contraction further shows that abrupt geometric contraction produces localized space-charge accumulation and reduces the effective charging region. In contrast, smooth concave shaping promotes a more distributed electrostatic interaction region, resulting in improved particle collection performance.
Application of hybrid meta-heuristic-based data-driven models to forecast streamflow drought index
(Springer, 2026) Ghasemlounia, Redvan; Gharehbaghi, Amin; Ahmadi, Farshad
Drought is a complex natural catastrophe threatened markedly the societies. Thus, its precise prediction has a noteworthy effect in numerous sections such as water resources, nutrition, economics, industry, etc. In the current investigation, to evaluate the hydrological drought procedure in Nazlu River basin, Urmia City, West Azerbaijan province, the streamflow drought index (SDINRB) is applied. In this direction, the SDINRB in four different time measures including 3, 6, 9, and 12-month are calculated using 829 mean monthly streamflow datasets recorded from Aug 1951 to Aug 2020 by Tapik hydro-meteorological station. Then, two robust advanced hybrids support vector regression (SVR) with Harris hawk algorithm (HHO) and intelligent water drop (IWD) optimization algorithms i.e., hybrid SVR-HHO and SVR-IWD models, are developed to estimate the fluctuations pattern of SDINRB-3-12. Given this, to accomplish the optimum supportive models' structure, many scenarios are implemented by tuning meta-parameters such as a number of hidden neurons and deterministic factors of SVR, HHO, IWD algorithms. According to the performance assessment criteria and comparison plots, the hybrid SVR-RBF-HHO model under ideal meta-parameters is identified as the suitable model for predicting SDINRB-3-6 droughts, yet the hybrid SVR-RBF-IWD model is recognized as the appropriate model for forecasting SDINRB-9-12 droughts. Likewise, the best modelling performance is achieved by the hybrid SVR-RBF-HHO model in predicting SDINRB-6 drought. It results in an RMSE, R-2, NSE, and MBE of 0.23, 0.94, 0.92, and 0.072, respectively. Nonetheless, for the single SVR-RBF as the benchmark model is attained 0.43, 0.79, 0.78, and 0.045, respectively.
The effect of postmenopausal therapeutic interventions on sexual function: a meta-analysis study
(National Scientific Medical Center, 2026) Yücetürk, Sibel; Özçalkap, Nurten; Çuvadar, Ayşe; Çuvadar Baş, Yeter
Aim: The purpose of this study is to identify how therapeutic interventions after menopause affect sexual function. Methods: For this study, research was conducted by screening studies in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and YOK Thesis Center databases from May to July 2024. After reviewing the studies, five studies were included in the meta-analysis. The quality assessment of the studies was conducted using a quality assessment tool prepared by The Joanna Briggs Institute, according to Randomized Controlled Trials and Quasi-Experimental design studies. CMA Version 2 was used for data synthesis. The data were synthesized using meta-analysis and narrative synthesis methods. Results: According to the results of the meta-analysis, therapeutic interventions applied during the postmenopausal period were found to not be effective on sexual function (SMD: 1.056, 95% CI:-0.171 to 2.282; Z=1.686, p=0.092, I2=97.827%). These findings indicate that, when all intervention types are evaluated together, there is no statistically significant overall improvement in postmenopausal sexual function and that the results are highly heterogeneous across studies. However, subgroup analyses revealed that pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) demonstrated a strong and statistically significant positive effect on sexual function in women with sexual dysfunction (p < 0.000), suggesting that the effectiveness of interventions varies according to intervention type. From a clinical perspective, this finding indicates that PFMT may represent a practical and targeted non-pharmacological option for improving sexual function in postmenopausal women, despite the absence of a significant overall pooled effect. Conclusion: While pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) appears to be a promising intervention for improving postmenopausal sexual dysfunction, this finding is based on limited evidence and should be interpreted with caution. Given the variability in intervention types and study quality, further high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of PFMT and other therapeutic approaches, as well as their potential combinations, in order to establish more definitive conclusions.
Assessment of water quality in Kirkuk city: using geographic information systems and multi-linear regression analysis
(MIM Research Group, 2026) Noori, Shaho Kh.; Naser, Ibrahim J.; Ghasemlounia, Redvan; Ibrahim, Mohammed O.; Raheem, Aram M.; Fayyadh, Imran A.
Climate change, pollution, and the degradation of water quality are making it harder to provide safe drinking water globally. For ensuring water safety, it is important to analyze its chemical and physical properties. Assessing the suitability of tap water for consumption according to World Health Organization (WHO) standards and Iraqi standards using GIS techniques and multi-linear regression analysis in Kirkuk City, Iraq, the study examines fourteen key water parameters across multiple city locations and conducted over 2020 and 2022, including pH, turbidity, conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, various ions, dissolved solids, temperature, and chlorine. GIS mapping was used to visualize the spatial distribution of these parameters, while multi-linear regression analysis was employed to identify statistical relationships between turbidity and other water quality indicators. The pH level of tap water in Kirkuk has been shown to be slightly to moderately alkaline, and turbidity exceeded acceptable limits in some locations and decreased slightly in 2022 from that in 2020. It was observed that total dissolved solids decreased during the period of this study and were under permissible standard limits. Electrical conductivity and total hardness remained stable and acceptable. The concentrations of most of the ions, including calcium, chloride, magnesium, sulfate, sodium, and chlorine, were lower than those of WHO and Iraqi standards. Potassium levels varied, meeting standards in some areas in 2020 but falling below WHO recommendations everywhere by 2022. The regression analysis revealed that turbidity was significantly influenced by total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, and total hardness, with a strong correlation (R2 = 0.939), indicating that changes in water quality parameters are interdependent. However, the R2 value for single linear regression suggests potential variability, emphasizing the need for further data refinement and additional explanatory variables. The study highlights the need for ongoing monitoring and improvement of Kirkuk's water treatment processes, demonstrating the value of GIS-based spatial analysis combined with statistical modeling for identifying areas with compromised water quality and implementing targeted interventions to address these issues.
Correction: the effect of stretching exercises applied to caregivers of children with development disabilities on musculoskeletal muscle mobility and respiratory function (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, (2024), 21, 10, (1361), 10.3390/ijerph21101361)
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2026) Ataç, Amine; Atak, Ebrar
In the original first publication [1], the general information language in the second and third paragraphs of the Introduction section was revised and the expressions in the paragraphs were rearranged because of the coincidental similarity with the publication in the newly added Reference [17]. With this correction, the order of some references has been adjusted accordingly. The revised paragraphs and the newly added reference are shown below. Adequate hamstring extensibility plays a critical role in enabling functional movement patterns required in everyday life. However, reduced hamstring length is frequently observed in the general population, which may be explained by the muscle’s involvement in sustained postural control and its tendency to remain in a shortened state during prolonged static positions [9,10]. Shortening of the hamstring muscle can alter pelvic alignment by promoting posterior pelvic tilt, which subsequently affects spinal curvatures and pathologies, including a reduction in lumbar lordosis and an increase in thoracic kyphosis. These postural alterations may restrict thoracic mobility, influence diaphragmatic mechanics, and negatively impact respiratory efficiency. Furthermore, hamstring tightness may contribute to dysfunction not only locally but also across anatomically distant segments within the posterior kinetic chain [9,11–14]. The posterior kinetic chain comprises multiple muscle groups, including the spinal extensors, gluteus maximus, hamstring muscles, calf musculature such as the gastrocnemius and soleus, as well as intrinsic muscles of the foot [15]. Muscles forming the posterior chain function collectively to maintain upright posture against gravitational forces. Increased tension in any component of this chain, such as the hamstring muscle, may be transmitted to other interconnected structures. This phenomenon is consistent with the biological tensegrity model, which proposes that bodily tissues operate as an integrated system balancing tensile and compressive forces throughout the body [16–18]. Increased stiffness and reduced flexibility in the hamstring muscles are frequently accompanied by compensatory tension in proximal regions, particularly within the lumbar and shoulder musculature [14]. In the literature, there are studies explaining the relationship between hamstring muscles and respiratory parameters with the myofascial theory [9,16]. According to this theory, the human body is composed of fascia, a single tissue that functions as interconnected chains. Tension in one point of the fascia, which shows integrity, can result in tension or restriction in another part of the body [18]. Previous research has explored the association between hamstring muscle characteristics and respiratory parameters within the framework of myofascial continuity. According to this perspective, fascia functions as a unified connective network, allowing mechanical tension generated in one region to influence distant anatomical areas. In this context, alterations in diaphragmatic mobility or tension may contribute to functional limitations observed during the assessment of hamstring flexibility [15–17]. Bırık, B. Hamstring kas Kısalığında Miyofasyal Gevşetme Tekniğinin Posterior Zincir Kaslarının Mobilitesi, Solunum Fonksiyonları, Solunum kas Kuvveti ve Enduransı Üzerine Etkisi. Master’s Thesis, Bezmialem Vakıf University, İstanbul, Turkey, 2018. The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.
From protracted liminality to fractured homecoming: intrafamilial bargaining and the limits of voluntary repatriation for Syrians in Turkey
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2026) Dinçşahin, Şakir; İçduygu, Ahmet
This essay examines how intrafamilial bargaining and patriarchal hierarchies shape decisions about return among Syrians under Turkey's Temporary Protection Regime, particularly after the December 2024 collapse of the Assad regime and the expansion of return programming. Drawing on fieldwork in Turkey and Syria, it argues that macro-level depictions of “voluntary” repatriation obscure household-level dynamics in which men, women and youth hold divergent priorities and unequal power. Three empirical patterns recur: male-led collective returns that generate intra-household conflict and covert resistance; fragmented returns in which some family members relocate while others remain to diversify risks; and nominal household consent that masks women's constrained agency and heightens their post-return vulnerability. The essay shows that voluntariness, safety, and sustainability—core criteria of normative return frameworks—are compromised when return choices are shaped by gendered authority and intergenerational expectations. The essay critiques macro-level measures of “successful” repatriation for overlooking these micro-dynamics and recommends new policy perspectives that recognise intra-household bargaining, ensure women's and youths' independent access to information and services, and integrate gendered security and education concerns into return planning.
Preoperative prediction of hiatal hernia based on the American Foregut Society (AFS) endoscopic classification in bariatric surgery
(SAGE Publications, Inc., 2026) Dalkılıç, Muhammed Said; Gençtürk, Mehmet; Yılmaz, Merih; Şişik, Abdullah
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