Federal devlet: Irak tecrübesi örneği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Orta Doğu Bölgesi, politik olarak dünyanın ensıcak ve karmaşık bölgesi olarak kabul edilir. Ayrıca enerji kaynakları da dâhil olmak üzere muazzam doğal kaynaklar içerdiği için oldukça önemlidir. Yönetim sistemleri, monarşi ve bazı cumhuriyetçi ülkeler dâhil olmak üzere Orta Doğu ülkeleri arasında farklılık göstermektedir. Ancak İran-Irak Savaşı, Irak'ın Kuveyt'i işgalinin savaşı olan 2. Körfez Savaşı ve 2003'teki 3. Körfez Savaşı gibi yeni doğuda patlak veren savaşlardan sonra Orta Doğu'daki siyasi harita değişti. Irak-Türkiye sınırları arasında PKK gibi bazı eski terörist grupların varlığına ek olarak mezhepçi ve ulusal karakterde terör grupları ortaya çıktı. Irak'ta hükümet sistemi ve devlet şekilde değişti. Ulusal ve dini azınlıkların haklarını tanımak için üniter bir devletten federal bir devlete dönüştü. Halk katılımı tabanını genişleterek devletin yönetimine ve idaresine katılmak, bununla birlikte demokrasinin anlamını ifade etmesinden dolayı federal sistemin en demokratik sistemler arasında olduğuna şüphe yoktur. Ancak buradaki soru, Irak'ta mevcut doktrinlere ve milliyetlere çok benzeyen milliyet ve mezhepler bünyesinde barındıran Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti gibi Irak'ın komşularıyla karşılaştırılmasıyla, Irak'taki federal deneyimin başarısı için faktörlerin olup olmadığıdır. Irak'taki federalizm, Orta Doğu'da gelişen ve modern bir deneyimdir. Bununla birlikte on sekiz yıldır uygulanmaktadır ve uygulamasında pek çok engelle karşılaşılmıştır. Bu araştırma, Irak'taki federal deneyimin ilk aşamalarından itibaren ayrıntılarını ele alacaktır. Ayrıca iki ülkedeki eyalet ve illerdeki belediyelerin nasıl yönetileceğini, iki deneyin sonuçlarını ve Irak'ta uygulanması önerilen en iyi sistemin hangisi olduğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Sonuç olarak Irak için mevcut federal sistemin faydalı olup olmadığı sorusuna yanıt aranarak, olası alternatif modellerin neler olabileceği üzerine bir değerlendirme yapma amacı güdülmüştür. Bu araştırma, Irak'taki il ve bölgelerin merkezi yönetim ve yönetim şekilleriyle ilgili sorunları incelemeyi, Türkiye'nin devlet yönetimindeki tecrübesinden yararlanarak bunlara bazı çözümler önermeyi amaçlamaktadır.
The Middle East region is one of the world's most complex political and security regions in the world, and it contains enormous natural resources, including energy resources around the world. Management systems differ among the countries of the Middle East, including the monarchy, some countries are republican, and some are federal, and some are central.But after the outbreak of wars in the Middle East, such as the Iran-Iraq war, the second Gulf War, the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, and the third Gulf War in 2003. The political map has changed in the Middle East and the Iraqi-Turkish borders, in addition to the presence of some old sectarian and terrorist groups such as the Kurdistan Workers' Party, a terrorist group that appeared in its national character. The government and state system in Iraq has changed from a unitary state to a federal state that recognizes the rights of national and religious minorities. There is no doubt that the federal system is one of the most democratic systems, as it expresses the meaning of democracy by expanding the base of popular participation to participate in governance and running the state. But the question here includes to a large extent the doctrine of the current nationalities, sects and nationalities in Iraq, which is whether the success factors of the federal experiment in Iraq compared to Iraq's neighbors such as the Republic of Turkey. Federalism in Iraq is a new and modern experience in the Middle East, and since its existence 18 years ago, it has faced many obstacles and obstacles in its implementation. But the question here includes to a large extent the doctrine of the current nationalities, sects and nationalities in Iraq, which is whether the success factors of the federal experiment in Iraq compared to Iraq's neighbors such as the Republic of Turkey. Federalism in Iraq is a new and modern experience in the Middle East, and since its existence 18 years ago, it has faced many obstacles and obstacles in its implementation. In this research, details are taken from the first stages of the federal experience in Iraq and we compare it with the experience of a simple unified state in the republic of Turkey.This research aims to study the problems related to the central administration and the administration of provinces and regions in Iraq and suggest some solutions to them using the experience of the Turkish state administration .
The Middle East region is one of the world's most complex political and security regions in the world, and it contains enormous natural resources, including energy resources around the world. Management systems differ among the countries of the Middle East, including the monarchy, some countries are republican, and some are federal, and some are central.But after the outbreak of wars in the Middle East, such as the Iran-Iraq war, the second Gulf War, the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, and the third Gulf War in 2003. The political map has changed in the Middle East and the Iraqi-Turkish borders, in addition to the presence of some old sectarian and terrorist groups such as the Kurdistan Workers' Party, a terrorist group that appeared in its national character. The government and state system in Iraq has changed from a unitary state to a federal state that recognizes the rights of national and religious minorities. There is no doubt that the federal system is one of the most democratic systems, as it expresses the meaning of democracy by expanding the base of popular participation to participate in governance and running the state. But the question here includes to a large extent the doctrine of the current nationalities, sects and nationalities in Iraq, which is whether the success factors of the federal experiment in Iraq compared to Iraq's neighbors such as the Republic of Turkey. Federalism in Iraq is a new and modern experience in the Middle East, and since its existence 18 years ago, it has faced many obstacles and obstacles in its implementation. But the question here includes to a large extent the doctrine of the current nationalities, sects and nationalities in Iraq, which is whether the success factors of the federal experiment in Iraq compared to Iraq's neighbors such as the Republic of Turkey. Federalism in Iraq is a new and modern experience in the Middle East, and since its existence 18 years ago, it has faced many obstacles and obstacles in its implementation. In this research, details are taken from the first stages of the federal experience in Iraq and we compare it with the experience of a simple unified state in the republic of Turkey.This research aims to study the problems related to the central administration and the administration of provinces and regions in Iraq and suggest some solutions to them using the experience of the Turkish state administration .
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Siyaset Bilimi Ana Bilim Dalı, Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Irak Federal Sistemi, Türk Deneyimi, Ortadoğu, Iraqi Federal System, Turkish Experience, Middle East