Irak ve Türk hukukunda boşanma sebeplerinin ve sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Toplumu oluşturan en küçük yapı taşı olarak ifade edilen aile, evlilikler yoluyla kurulmaktadır. Kurulan bu evlilikler çeşitli sebeplerde de bozulabilmektedir. Evlilik bağının ortadan kalmasının bir sebebi boşanmalardır. Evli çiftler çeşitli sebeplerle evliliklerine son verebilmektedir. Toplumdan topluma değişiklik gösteren hukuk kuralları evlenme ve boşanma içinde geçerlidir. Bazı toplumlarda boşanma serbest olurken bazı toplumlarda boşanma kavramına yer verilmemektedir. Bunlara ek olarak bazı toplumlarda ise boşanma bir sebebe ve hâkim hükmüne bağlanmıştır. Kanun tarafından öngörülmüş olan sebeplerle evli çiftler boşanma davası açabilmektedir. Ancak boşanma hâkim kararıyla gerçekleşmektedir. İnsanlık tarihi kadar eski olduğu kabul edilen boşanma kavramı tarihsel süreç içerisinde değişiklik gösterdiği görülmektedir. Bu değişikliklerde toplum geleneklerinin ve toplumların dini inançlarının oldukça önemli katkıları olmuştur. Dolayısıyla her toplumda boşanmaların gerçekleşme biçimleri farklılık göstermektedir. Çalışmanın amacı Türk Hukukunda ve Irak Hukukunda boşanma sebeplerini ortaya koyarak, karşılaştırmasını yapmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada öncelikle Türk ve Irak Hukukunda yer alan boşanma sebeplerine ve boşanma sonrası eşler i.in ortaya çıkan sonuçlara yer verilmektedir. Daha sonra bu iki hukuk içinde boşanmaya yönelik görüşler ve benimsedikleri boşanma ilkeleri açıklanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak ise kaynağını İsviçre Hukukundan alan Türk Hukuku ile kaynağını İslam Hukukundan alan Irak Hukukunda boşanma sebepleri, benimsedikleri boşanma ilkeleri ve boşanmanın meydana getirdiği sonuçlar karşılaştırılmaktadır. Bu karşılaştırma sonucunda Irak ve Türk Hukukunda benzerlikler olduğu gibi farklılıklarda bulunmaktadır. En önemli farklılık kadın ve erkeğe yönelik farklı uygulamalardır. İki hukukta boşanma görülmektedir. Ancak Türk Hukukunda boşanma bir sebebe ve hâkim hükmüne dayanmaktadır. Irak hukukunda ise yine hâkim kararına dayanmakla birlikte koca herhangi bir sebep göstermeden boşanabilme hakkına sahiptir. Buna ek olarak Türk Hukukuna göre kadın ve erkek sadece bir evlilik yapabilirken, Irak Hukukunda erkek dört kadınla evlenebilmektedir.
The family, which is expressed as the smallest building block that constitutes up the society, is established through marriages. These marriages established can be also broken with various reasons. One of the reasons for the dissolution of the bonds of matrimony is divorce. Married couples can end their marriage for various reasons. The legal rules that vary from society to society are also valid for marriage and divorce. While divorce is legal in some societies, the concept of divorce is not included in some societies. In addition to these, divorce is subjected to a reason and the judgment of a judge in some societies. Married couples can file for divorce lawsuit with the reasons stipulated by the law. However, the divorce is realized by the decision of the judge. The concept of divorce, which is considered to be as old as the history of humanity, seems to have varied in the historical process. In these changes, the traditions of the society and the religious beliefs of the societies have made significant contributions. Therefore, the ways in which the divorces take place differ in every society. The aim of the study is to reveal and compare the reasons for divorce in Turkish Law and Iraqi Law. In this context, firstly, the reasons for divorce taking place in Turkish and Iraqi Law and the results emerging for the spouses after the divorce are taken place in the study. Then, the views intended to the divorce within these two laws and the divorce principles they adopted are explained. As a result, the reasons for the divorce in Turkish Law that takes its source from Swiss Law and Iraqi Law that takes its source from Islamic Law, the divorce principles they adopted and the consequences of divorce are compared. As a result of this comparison, there are also similarities as well as differences in Iraqi and Turkish Law. The most important difference is the different applications intended to men and women. The divorce is seen in two laws. However, the divorce is based on a reason and the judgment of a judge in Turkish Law. In Iraqi law, although it is based on the judge's decision, the husband has the right to divorce without giving any reason. In addition to this, men and women can only marry once according to Turkish Law, a man can marry with four women in Iraqi Law.
The family, which is expressed as the smallest building block that constitutes up the society, is established through marriages. These marriages established can be also broken with various reasons. One of the reasons for the dissolution of the bonds of matrimony is divorce. Married couples can end their marriage for various reasons. The legal rules that vary from society to society are also valid for marriage and divorce. While divorce is legal in some societies, the concept of divorce is not included in some societies. In addition to these, divorce is subjected to a reason and the judgment of a judge in some societies. Married couples can file for divorce lawsuit with the reasons stipulated by the law. However, the divorce is realized by the decision of the judge. The concept of divorce, which is considered to be as old as the history of humanity, seems to have varied in the historical process. In these changes, the traditions of the society and the religious beliefs of the societies have made significant contributions. Therefore, the ways in which the divorces take place differ in every society. The aim of the study is to reveal and compare the reasons for divorce in Turkish Law and Iraqi Law. In this context, firstly, the reasons for divorce taking place in Turkish and Iraqi Law and the results emerging for the spouses after the divorce are taken place in the study. Then, the views intended to the divorce within these two laws and the divorce principles they adopted are explained. As a result, the reasons for the divorce in Turkish Law that takes its source from Swiss Law and Iraqi Law that takes its source from Islamic Law, the divorce principles they adopted and the consequences of divorce are compared. As a result of this comparison, there are also similarities as well as differences in Iraqi and Turkish Law. The most important difference is the different applications intended to men and women. The divorce is seen in two laws. However, the divorce is based on a reason and the judgment of a judge in Turkish Law. In Iraqi law, although it is based on the judge's decision, the husband has the right to divorce without giving any reason. In addition to this, men and women can only marry once according to Turkish Law, a man can marry with four women in Iraqi Law.
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Özel Hukuk Ana Bilim Dalı, Özel Hukuk Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Boşanma, Türk Hukukunda Boşanma, Irak Hukukunda Boşanma, Divorce, Divorce in Turkish Law, Divorce in Iraqi Law