İstanbul'da ölçülen pm2.5 ve pm10 değerlerinin meteorolojik faktörlere göre değişiminin incelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, İstanbul ilinde yer alan Silivri ve Ümraniye ilçelerinde 2014-2020 yılları arasında ölçülen PM2.5 ve PM10 konsantrasyonlarının meteorolojik parametrelerle ilişkisi mekansal ve zamansal olarak incelenmiştir. Silivri ve Ümraniye ilçelerindeki Hava Kalitesi İzleme İstasyonlarında ölçülen saatlik PM2.5 ve PM10 değerleri ve meteorolojik veriler (rüzgar hızı, rüzgar yönü, bağıl nem, toplam yağış, sıcaklık, minimum sıcaklık ve maksimum sıcaklık) kullanılmıştır. Tüm mevsimlerde partikül madde değerleri sabah 6'da en düşükken, araç emisyonları gibi antropojenik kaynaklar nedeniyle, 09:00 ve 19:30 saatleri arasında pik noktaya ulaşmaktadır. Günlük değerler incelendiğinde ise, Silivri'de en yüksek partikül madde değerleri kış mevsiminde Pazar günleri, Ümraniye'de ise Cuma günleri ölçülmüştür. Silivri ve Ümraniye istasyonlarında, rüzgar hızlarının düşük olduğu zamanlarda lokal emisyonların, 8 m/s'yi aşan güneyli rüzgar hızlarının yüksek PM konsantrasyonlarına sebep olduğu gözlenmiştir. Silivri'de ölçülen PM2.5 ve PM10 konsantrasyonları ile rüzgar hızı arasında kış mevsiminde (r=-0.56) ve sonbahar mevsiminde (r=-0.47) negatif korelasyon bulunmuştur. Ümraniye'de ise PM2.5(r=-0.48) ve PM10 (r=-0.38) ile rüzgar hızı arasında kış mevsiminde negatif korelasyon bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, Silivri'de ilkbahar mevsiminde ölçülen PM10 değerleri ile bağıl nem arasında negatif korelasyon (r=-0.43) bulunurken, yaz mevsiminde ölçülen PM10 (r=0.40) ve PM2.5 (r=0.38) ile maksimum sıcaklık arasında pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur. İstanbul'un hava kalitesini kentleşme, ulaşım, sanayileşme gibi antropojenik faaliyetlerin yanı sıra meteorolojik faktörler ile kirleticilerin atmosferik taşınımı da olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir.
In this study, spatiotemporal relationship between PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations and meteorological parameters were investigated for Silivri and Umraniye districts in Istanbul for 2014-2020. Hourly PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations values of two air quality monitoring stations and meteorological data (wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, total precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature) were used for Umraniye and Silivri settlements in Istanbul during the period 2014-2020. In all seasons, while PM concentrations were lowest at 06:00 local time (LT), PM2.5 and PM10 have peak values around 09:00 and 19:30 LT both in Silivri and Umraniye mainly due to anthropogenic activities such as vehicle exhaust emissions. In daily perspective, highest PM values were observed on Sundays in winter at Silivri. On the other side, peak PM values are shown on Fridays at Umraniye. It was found that local emission sources during low wind speeds cause the highest PM concentrations during winter months and southerly winds exceeding 8 m/s increase the PM10 levels at Silivri and Umraniye. The statistical analysis showed that PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations at Silivri were negatively correlated with wind speed (ws) with correlation coefficients of -0.56 (winter), -0.47 (autumn), respectively. Ws is negatively associated with PM2.5 (r=-0.48) and PM10 (r=-0.38) in winter season at Umraniye. In addition to this, relative humidity (RH) showed negative relationship with PM10 (r=-0.43) in spring at Silivri, while a positive correlation was found between PM10 (r=0.40) and PM2.5 (r=0.38) measured in the summer season and the maximum temperature. In addition to the anthropogenic factors (e.g. urbanization, transportation, and industrialization) that decrease air quality of Istanbul, local meteorological variables and atmospheric transport of pollution are seen as the other factors that contribute to air pollution.
In this study, spatiotemporal relationship between PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations and meteorological parameters were investigated for Silivri and Umraniye districts in Istanbul for 2014-2020. Hourly PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations values of two air quality monitoring stations and meteorological data (wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, total precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature) were used for Umraniye and Silivri settlements in Istanbul during the period 2014-2020. In all seasons, while PM concentrations were lowest at 06:00 local time (LT), PM2.5 and PM10 have peak values around 09:00 and 19:30 LT both in Silivri and Umraniye mainly due to anthropogenic activities such as vehicle exhaust emissions. In daily perspective, highest PM values were observed on Sundays in winter at Silivri. On the other side, peak PM values are shown on Fridays at Umraniye. It was found that local emission sources during low wind speeds cause the highest PM concentrations during winter months and southerly winds exceeding 8 m/s increase the PM10 levels at Silivri and Umraniye. The statistical analysis showed that PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations at Silivri were negatively correlated with wind speed (ws) with correlation coefficients of -0.56 (winter), -0.47 (autumn), respectively. Ws is negatively associated with PM2.5 (r=-0.48) and PM10 (r=-0.38) in winter season at Umraniye. In addition to this, relative humidity (RH) showed negative relationship with PM10 (r=-0.43) in spring at Silivri, while a positive correlation was found between PM10 (r=0.40) and PM2.5 (r=0.38) measured in the summer season and the maximum temperature. In addition to the anthropogenic factors (e.g. urbanization, transportation, and industrialization) that decrease air quality of Istanbul, local meteorological variables and atmospheric transport of pollution are seen as the other factors that contribute to air pollution.
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Ana Bilim Dalı, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Partikül Madde, Meteorolojik Faktörler, Korelasyon Katsayısı, İstanbul, Particulate Matter, Meteorological Parameters, Correlation Coefficient, Istanbul