Probiotics and diet quality: modulation of gut microbiota on intestinal infection and inflammation

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the digestive tract. The precise etiology of IBD remains unclear; however, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that dietary factors may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Dietary habits exert a significant influence on the structure of the gut microbiota, which in turn plays a pivotal role in maintaining intestinal balance. Conversely, intestinal inflammation has the potential to trigger gut dysbiosis, which affects the absorption of nutrients by host cells and gut microbiota. The interaction between diet and gut microbiota is impaired in individuals with IBD. A deeper understanding of the complex links between diet and the gut microbiome offers vital insights into the pathogenesis of IBD and encourages the creation of novel therapeutic approaches. This article reviews the current literature on the interaction between diet, probiotics, and gut microbiota in maintaining gut homeostasis.