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Co2 emisyonlarını etkileyen faktörlerin zamanla değişen katsayılı parametrik olmayan panel veri modelleri ile analizi
(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2023) Güriş, Selahattin; Çağlayan, Sevcan
İklim değişikliğinin, küresel ısınmanın ve çevresel bozulmanın bir nedeni olarak karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonlarından oluşan sera gazları gösterilmektedir. CO2 yeryüzüne insan faaliyetleri nedeniyle yayılarak genellikle çevreye zarar verir ve iklim değişikliğine veya küresel ısınmaya yol açar. Bu sebeple CO2 emisyonlarını etkileyen ekonomik ve ekonomik olmayan birçok sosyal faktör araştırmalara konu olmuştur. Ancak çoğu araştırmada CO2 emisyonları konusunda hem ekonomik büyüme hem de enerji kullanımı gibi ana faktörleri de etkileyen ekonomik belirsizlik dikkate alınmamıştır. Bu çalışmada kişi başına düşen CO2 emisyonları ve başta ekonomik belirsizlik (dünya belirsizlik indeksi ile ölçülen) olmak üzere diğer değişkenler arasındaki ilişki ele alınmıştır. 14 OECD ülkesinin 2000-2021 yılları arasındaki verileri zamanla değişen katsayılı parametrik olmayan panel veri modeliyle incelenmiştir. Trend fonksiyonları ve parametrik olmayan katsayı fonksiyonları tahmin edilerek doğrusal olmayan sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Parametrik olmayan katsayı fonksiyonlarının CO2 emisyonları üzerinde etkisi zaman içerisinde değişiklik göstermektedir. Sonuçlarımıza göre ele alınan dönem boyunca ekonomik belirsizlik ile CO2 emisyonları arasında ters yönlü bir ilişki bulunmaktadır ve zaman içerisinde düşüş eğiliminde devam etmektedir. Kişi başına düşen GSYH, nüfus ve yenilenebilir enerjinin parametrik olmayan katsayıları zaman içerisinde negatif ve pozitif olarak değişmektedir. Ticaret 2000’li yıllarında başında anlamsız bir değişken olmasına rağmen 2009-2013 yılları arasında anlamlı bir değişkendir, ancak 2021 yılında etkisi tekrar anlamsızlaşmıştır.
Hızlı feribot taşımacılığında algılanan hizmet kalitesinin müşteri memnuniyetine etkisi
(2019) Karadeniz, Mustafa; Pektaş, Güzide Öncü Eroğlu; Gürce, Merve Yanar
Denizyolu ulaşımında artan yolcu sayısı ve rekabet, firmaların, müşterilerin beklentilerini anlamalarını zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Bu pazarda, kendilerini iyi bir biçimde konumlandırmak isteyen firmalar için müşteri memnuniyeti en önemli faktördür. Buna göre, gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, hızlı feribot taşımacılığında algılanan hizmet kalitesinin müşteri memnuniyetine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada, İstanbul ilinde yaşayan ve hızlı feribot taşımacılığından yararlanan 348 yolcuya yüz yüze anket uygulanmış ve SPSS programı ile Frekans Analizi, Faktör Analizi, Güvenirlik Analizi ve Korelasyon Analizi yapılmıştır. Modelin anlamlılık ve güvenirliğini test etmek için ise LISREL yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda uyum iyilik değerleri, t değerleri ve standardize edilmiş çözüm değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, müşteri memnuniyetini etkileyen en önemli faktörün güven olduğu görülmektedir.
Investigation of burnout status, self-esteem, communication skills and academic self-efficacy levels of students in online education process in the COVID 19 pandemic
(2023) Ataç, Amine; Çorum, Muammer; Çorum, Emine Nur; Pehlivan, Esra; Kunduracılar, Zuhal
Aim: The study was designed based on the hypothesis that the online education process affected students' communication skills, burnout, self-confidence, and academic self-efficacy during the COVID-19 period. We aimed to investigate students' communication skills, burnout, self-esteem, and academic self-sufficiency in the online education process during the COVID-19 period. Material and Method: In our study, undergraduate students between the ages of 18-25 who are continuing their academic training in Istanbul were included. The burnout level of the participants was evaluated using the Maslach Burnout InventoryStudent Form, self-esteem Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, communication ability Communication Skills Scale, and academic competence using the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: 220 students were included in the research. 170 males (77.3%) and 50 females (22.7%) who met the inclusion criteria, were analyzed. According to the results of Pearson correlation analysis, a positive moderate correlation (r=0.448, p<0.001) between participants' burnout level scores and self- esteem scores, and a moderate negative correlation was found with academic self-efficacy scores (r=- 0.451, p<0.001). Conclusion: According to other studies in the literature, in our results, students' communication skills and academic self-efficacy are at the forefront during the COVID-19 period of the online education process. It can be said that more research is needed on how to improve communication skills and social interaction to improve academic self-efficacy.
Determinants of sleep disturbance and sleep quality in children of mothers with fibromyalgia
(Turkish League Against Rheumatism, 2023) Kartaloğlu, Işıl Fazilet; Karagül, Sevil; Arslan, Şule
Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether maternal diagnosis of Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) affects the sleep quality of children. Patients and methods: This prospective study was conducted with 80 female participants (mean age: 36.2 +/- 5.9 years; range 25 to 50 years) and their 80 children (27 males, 53 females; mean age: 6.6 +/- 2.6 years; range 2 to 12 years) between August 2019 and November 2020. The FMS group included 40 female FMS patients and their children, whereas the control group consisted of 40 healthy females and their children. In addition to sociodemographic variables, functional status was evaluated by the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), which was completed by mothers with FMS, and the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to evaluate the sleep quality of all children. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics ( p > 0.05). The CSHQ score of the two groups was above 41 points and was at a clinically significant level. The median value for the CSHQ score was 60.5 and 52 in the FMS and control groups, respectively. Sleep time, waking up at night, parasomnias, disrupted breathing during sleep, and sleepiness scores were higher in the FMS group than in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The delayed falling asleep score, which was reversely coded, was lower in the FMS group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This pilot study showed that the children of mothers with high Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire scores had sleep disorders. Maternal diagnosis of FMS negatively affects the sleep quality of children.
Invetigations of mechanical properties after dissimilar steels post-weld of Q345B steel
(Pamukkale University, 2020) Çiçek, Bünyamin; Aydoğmuş, Tuna; Gündoğdu İş, Emine; Sun, Yavuz
In this study, it has been reported that Q345B steel combine with different steels using electric arc welding method and the mechanical properties were investigated. Produced by hot rolling processes, Q345B steel is a low-alloyed medium tensile strength and highly usable steel. The steel used contain less than 0.2% carbon and less than 0.55% silicon, chromium and nickel. In this study, Q345B steel generally used at low-pressure/temperature zones in thermal power plant (boiler wall etc.) is combined with 16Mo3 and P265GH steels. The Q345B steel is welded to make the mechanical properties easy to compare. After joining, specimens were collected from the welded areas and used in the preparation of mechanical and metallographic processes. In this process, all joints were subject to tensile, charpy, hardness and bending tests. In addition, the collection of macro images from welding were used in observation of transition zones which were operated. Electrodes with a basic character cover were used (E7018) as filler metal in the joining processes. All mechanical tests met the requirements of the relevant standards and all welds were identified as valid weld.
Effect of administering kefir on the changes in fecal microbiota and symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease: a randomized controlled trial
(AVES, 2019) Yılmaz, İlkay; Dolar, M. Enver; Özpınar, Haydar
Background/Aims: Kefir is a kind of fermented probiotic dairy product. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of kefir consumption on the fecal microflora and symptoms of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Materials and Methods: Kefir was serially diluted and inoculated into de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe agar and incubated at 37 degrees C for 48 to 72 h under anaerobic conditions. This was a single-center, prospective, open-label randomized controlled trial. Forty-five patients with IBD were classified into two groups: 25 for treatment and 20 for control. A 400 mL/day kefir was administered to the patients for 4 weeks day and night. Their stool Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus kefiri, content was quantitated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction before and after consumption. Abdominal pain, bloating, stool frequency, stool consistency, and feeling good scores were recorded in diaries daily by the patients. Results: A 5x10(7) CFU/mL count of lactic acid bacteria colony forming units was found in a kefir sample as the total average count. Lactobacillus bacterial load of feces of all subjects in the treatment group was between 10(4) and 10(9) CFU/g, and the first and last measurements were statistically significant (p=0.001 in ulcerative colitis and p=0.005 in Crohn's disease (CD)). The L. kefiri bacterial load in the stool of 17 subjects was measured as between 10(4) and 10(6) CFU/g. For patients with CD, there was a significant decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, whereas hemoglobin increased, and for the last 2 weeks, bloating scores were significantly reduced (p=0.012), and feeling good scores increased (p=0.032). Conclusion: According to our data, kefir consumption may modulate gut microbiota, and regular consumption of kefir may improve the patient's quality of life in the short term.
Effects of game addiction on musculoskeletal system discomfort and mental toughness in e-sport players
(Turkish Green Crescent Society, 2022) Kendal, Kübra; Ataç, Amine; Köse, İlkay Tuğçe
The aim of this study is to reveal the level of game addiction, musculoskeletal system complaints, and mental toughness and to investigate musculoskeletal system discomfort risk and mental toughness by the addiction level in e-sports players. The population of the study consisted of a total of 204 e-sports players on various platforms in Turkey, 94 of whom were game addicted and 110 were not according to the seven-item Game Addiction Scale. The players were given the Demographic Data Form, the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ), the Cornell Hand Discomfort Questionnaire (CHDQ), and the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ). In CMDQ and CHDQ parameters, neck (7.55 +/- 18.16 vs. 2.06 +/- 4.26; p =.014), upper back (9.32 +/- 19.41 vs. 3.32 +/- 7.56; p =.024), lower back (12.27 +/- 24.93 vs. 2.75 +/- 5.47; p =.007), hip (2.89 +/- 9.90 vs..88 +/- 2.89; p =.013), right hand B (2.18 +/- 10.34 vs..24 +/- 1.24; p =.005) and F regions (1.76 +/- 3.81 vs..82 +/- 2.96; p =.041) were significantly better in the non-addicted group. In SMTQ, the control sub-dimension (10.68 +/- 3.27 vs. 12.75 +/- 2.67; p <.001) and total scores (36.32 +/- 6.74 vs. 38.46 +/- 7.11; p =.021) were significantly better in the non-addicted group. These findings reveal that as the game addiction score increases, the risk of musculoskeletal system discomfort increases and mental toughness decreases. These results should be taken into account in e-sports players where a sedentary lifestyle is at the forefront.
Alcohol use disorder and emotional abuse: the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas
(Cumhuriyet University, 2019) Can, Yeşim; Anlı, İrem; Evren, Cüneyt; Yılmaz, Doğan
Objective: Studies have shown a relationship between the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and the existence of childhood traumas (CT). In this study, in order to gain a better understanding of the association between CT and AUD, the relationship between CT and AUD was analyzed. Further, it was investigated whether Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) play a mediating role in the relationship between emotional abuse (EA) and AUD. Methods: The participants were consecutively admitted male alcohol-dependent inpatients (n=220) and healthy controls (n=108). The participants were investigated with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF) and Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST). Mediation analyses were conducted in order to evaluate the mediating effect of EMS between the relationship of AUD and CT. Results: The difference between CT total score and the EA score between the control group and the AUD group were statistically significant. An analysis of different types of traumas in the correlation with AUD revealed EA as the main predictor of AUD both directly and through its mediating effect with the EMS. In addition, it was determined that in the relationship between EA and AUD, EMS such as Enmeshment, Emotional Inhibition, Dependence and Insufficient Self-Control had mediating effect. Discussion: CT, especially EA are quite common in male inpatients with AUD and the negative effects of EA may play an important role in the development of AUD by causing EMS. Our findings imply that those with EA history in childhood may be particularly vulnerable to the development of AUD in adulthood. Therefore, in the prevention of the development and in the treatment of AUD, it may be useful to take into consideration EA experiences, to screen EMS that may mediate such relationship through scales and to conduct interventions in this regard.
Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain and disability: an invisible and neglected problem
(Atatürk University, 2023) Erten, Hacer; Aygün, Mahmure; Yılmaz Esencan, Tuğba; Doğan Merih, Yeliz
Objective: This study was carried out to examine the frequency of lumbopelvic pain in pregnant women, the level of disability associated with it, and the factors that may affect the level of disability. Methods: The descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out with 381 pregnant women who received service from the routine pregnancy follow-up outpatient clinic of a state hospital. A form including demographic, obstetric, and other descriptive characteristics of the cases, a visual pain zone diagram to determine the pain area, and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) to determine the disability level were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistical methods and non-parametric tests were used in the analysis of the data. Results: It was determined that 86.35% (n = 329) of the participants had lumbopelvic pain and were mildly disabled according to the RMDQ total score (12.0 +/- 7.3). In the analysis performed according to subgroups, the mean RMDQ scores of pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain were found to be statistically significantly higher than those with low back pain (P <.05). Other variables associated with high disability scores were education level, parity, occupation, gestational week (trimester), presence of lumbopelvic pain in the previous pregnancy, work stress, and negative sexual life history (P <.05). Conclusion: Lumbopelvic pain is a condition that is common in pregnancy, can cause different levels of disability depending on some factors, and should not be ignored by antenatal care providers.
Nursing care in robotic radical cystectomy and intracorporeal orthotopic urinary diversion surgeries
(Galenos Publishing House, 2023) Bakanoğlu Kalkavan, Emek; Şendir, Merdiye
In this article, the management of nursing care in robotic cystectomy and urinary diversion surgeries, which are performed for treating bladder cancer, is explained considering the current literature. Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that is highly prevalent worldwide, and it is seen more frequently in men than in women. Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy are the reference treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and they play a key role in managing high-risk nonmuscle-invasive cancer and saving the patient following radiotherapy. While radical cystectomy involves the removal of the bladder, urethra, uterus, Fallopian tubes, ovaries, and anterior vagina in women, it involves the removal of the bladder, urethra, prostate, and seminal glands in men. Urinary diversion performed following robotic cystectomy is a curative surgical method associated with functional and metabolic changes that could affect the patient as well as the quality of life of the patient. Urinary diversions performed following removal of the cancerous bladder aim to divert the urinary flow toward its normal path or form a new path for urine to be released directly or by accumulation. In robotic cystectomy and urinary diversion surgeries, the role of the nurse in the management of the preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative stages is highly important. The optimal management of nursing care and nurse training programs, especially for the postoperative period, aims to increase the quality of life of the patient by preventing complications, shortening their hospital stay, and organizing their activities of daily living.
The effect of education in reducing noise on health personnels' knowledge level and behavioral change
(Galenos Publishing House, 2019) Çalıkuşu İncekar, Müjde; Çeçen, Eda; Balcı, Serap; Mutlu, Birsen; Ulu Öğüt, Nehir; Hamilçıkan, Şahin
Objective: Noise must be reduced and taken under control because negatively affects the health of health personnel and preterm newborns in particular. The American Academy of Pediatrics reported that noise levels must be kept below 45 dB. However, many studies demonstrated that the desired level could not be reached. This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the level of noise in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and the effect of given education on controlling the noise. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted with doctors (4), nurses (18), and personnel (4) who worked in the 3rd level NICU of a university hospital. This research had a pre-test, post-test quasi-experimental design in a single group. Ethics board and institutional approval were granted from the hospital. A noise information form that was prepared by researchers, educational program on noise control, noise observation form, and noise measuring equipment were used in the study. Noise was measured for 24 hours over 7 days in repeated measurements in the unit before education, after education, and 6 weeks after the education program. Results: The noise levels were significantly lower 6 weeks after the education program compared with before the program (p<0.01). The percentage of correct answers given to questions in the information form was significantly higher 6 weeks after the education program compared with before the program among health personnel (p<0.01). The kappa compliance level was found significant among observers in the evaluation of doctors, nurses, and personnel in accordance with the noise observation form (p<0.01). Conclusion: It could be suggested that the education method was effective in terms of reducing noise, reducing noise levels in the environment, improving the information level of health personnel, and positively affecting the behaviors of personnel. It can also be concluded that the noise observation form is reliable.
The relationship between psychosocial development and liking of children in nurses working in pediatric clinics
(Galenos Publishing House, 2019) Çalıkuşu İncekar, Müjde; Yangil, Ayşe İpek; Kaya, Gizem; Genç, Gamze; Doğan, Zehra; Yıldız, Suzan
Aim: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between psychosocial development and liking of children in nurses working in pediatric clinics. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a descriptive and correlational study on 110 nurses working at two hospitals. Data were collected using an information form, the Modified Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory, and the Barnett Liking of Children scale. Descriptive statistical tests, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis and Cronbach's alpha were used in the data analysis stage. Results: It was found that there was a positive, weak, and significant correlation between the liking of children and the subscales of trust, autonomy, industry, identity, and generativity (p<0.05). At the same time, there was a very weak, positive, and significant correlation between the liking of children and the subscales of initiative and ego integrity (p<0.05). No significant correlation was observed between the liking of children and the subscale of intimacy (p>0.05). It was observed that there was a weak correlation between the level of liking of children and the determinant variables of trust, autonomy, initiative, industry, identity, intimacy, generativity, and ego integrity (R-2 =0.133). Conclusion: It was concluded that nurses' levels of trust and autonomy increased the level of liking of children.
Pandemide aktif çalışan hemşirelerde beslenme ve takviye gıda kullanma durumu ile COVID-19 korkusu ilişkisi
(DOC Design and Informatics Co. Ltd., 2022) Zingiloğlu, Fatma; Beydağ, Kerime Derya
Amaç: Bu çalışma, hemşirelerin COVID-19 korkusunun beslenme alışkanlıklarına ve takviye gıda kullanımına etki sini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel nitelikteki araştırma; basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile pandemide aktif olarak çalışan ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 485 hemşire ile Aralık 2020 - Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Veriler, ilgili literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanmış olan soru formu ve “COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği” ile elde edildi. Ve rilerin değerlendirilmesinde; sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, medyan, minimum, maksimum, t testi, varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve x2 testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Hemşirelerden, pandemi sürecinde gıda takviyesi kullanan, yeterli ve dengeli beslenmeyen, çalışma koşulları nedeniyle çoğu zaman yemek yiyemeyen, gıda takviyesini COVID-19’un önlenmesinde ve/veya tedavisine yardımcı olması amacıyla kullanan, gıda takviyesini düzenli kullanan ve çevresindeki bireylere tavsiye edenlerin korku düzeyleri daha yüksek olarak bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: Hemşirelerin pandemi öncesinde ve pandemi sürecinde gıda takviyesi kullanım durumlarında artış olduğu ve bu artışın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde olduğu belirlendi (p<0.001).
A comparative study of silver electrodeposition from pyrophosphate-cyanide and high concentration cyanide electrolytes in the presence of brighteners
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2020) Akben, Hatice Kübra; Timur, Servet İbrahim
A study of the electrodeposition of silver from 2 different types of electrolytes; (1) neutral pyrophosphatecyanide electrolyte and (2) alkaline high concentrated cyanide electrolyte in the presence of a variety of additives such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, potassium selenocyanate, and potassium antimony tartrate was performed. Influence of additives and cyanide concentration on microstructure and kinetics of the cathodic processes were studied. A brightener couple, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and potassium antimony tartrate, were combined within this investigation and detected to be highly effective for silver electrodeposition. The rapid increase in current density at the same potential interval related to grain refinement effect of potassium antimony tartrate was shown. The cyclic organic compound, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, polarizes the reduction to high cathodic potential in pyrophosphate electrolyte. However, the sufficient levelling effect required for the mirror-bright appearance seems to be related to the high polarizing effect of the high concentration cyanide content. In the case of pyrophosphate electrolytes, sufficient levelling cannot be achieved, so semigloss coatings are obtained. The low cathodic potential electrodeposition of silver in pyrophosphate electrolyte, which is found to proceed by 3D instantaneous nucleation, is polarized to high cathodic potentials and grows into 3D progressive nucleation and diffusion-controlled growth in high concentration cyanide electrolyte.
Obesity perception survey among youth in Turkey: instrument development and test-retest reliability
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2019) Jayawardene, Wasantha; Pınar, Salih; Torabi, Mohammad; Xun, Pengcheng; Özer, Mustafa Kamil
Background/aim: We aimed to develop an instrument that can assess the perceptions and opinions of young people regarding the causes and consequences of obesity and the role of individuals, families, communities, and government in addressing obesity. Materials and methods: A 36-question (101-item) survey was developed by adopting, translating, and revising multiple-choice or Likert-scale questions from existing surveys to assure construct cross-cultural validity. A two-factor mixed-effects model estimated the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to measure the test-retest reliability of questions administered 2 weeks apart to a convenient sample of Istanbul high school and university students, aged 15-25 years (n = 122). Results: The mean ICC for university and high school was 0.70 and 0.63, respectively. University students were more consistent in relating the problem to society and public policy preferences. High school students were more consistent in relating the problem and solution to themselves and their immediate environments. Using a 0.5 cutoff for the ICC's lower 95% confidence limit, followed by reevaluation of the question flow, a 19-question (36-item) survey was retained for adolescents and a 26-question (52-item) survey for young adults. Conclusion: While the survey items have moderate to excellent reliability for high school and university students, it can be administered longitudinally to suggest changes to policies and interventions, and after cross-cultural validation, it can be utilized to compare obesity perceptions across different populations.
An alternative supplemental feeding method for preterm infants: the supplemental feeding tube device
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Çalıkuşu İncekar, Müjde; Çağlar, Seda; Kaya Narter, Fatma; Tercan Tarakçı, Emriye; Özpınar, Emine; Demirci Ecevit, Esra
Background/aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the supplemental feeding tube device (SFTD) and bottle methods on weight gain, transition to full breastfeeding, breastfeeding success, and duration of discharge in preterm infants. Materials and methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted with a total of 46 preterm infants including 23 infants in study (SFTD) and control (bottle) groups. An information form, an infant follow-up form for feeding, and LATCH breastfeeding assessment instrument were used to collect the data. Results: The gestation week of the infants in the study group was 31.22 +/- 2.76, and in the control group it was 30.52 +/- 2.47. The birth weight of the infants in the study group was 1586.3 +/- 525.35 g and 1506.09 +/- 454.77 g in the control group. The daily weight gain of the infants was 24.09 +/- 15.21 g in the study group and 27.17 +/- 17.63 g in the control group. The infants in the study group (4.70 +/- 2.44 days) transitioned to full breastfeeding earlier than those in the control group (6.00 +/- 4.10 days). LATCH 2nd measurement scores were significantly higher in both groups than LATCH 1st measurement scores (p < 0.01). Although it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05), the infants in the study group (10.22 +/- 5.20 days) were discharged earlier than those in the control group (13.48 +/- 8.78 days). Conclusion: The SFTD and bottle methods were determined to be similar in terms of daily weight gain, transition to full breastfeeding, breastfeeding success, and duration of hospitalization.
21st-century skills and lateral thinking dispositions of nursing students: an example global pandemic
(Marmara University, 2023) Çoban, Niran; Göktaş, Sonay; Gezginci, Elif; Şendir, Merdiye
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the 21st-century skills and lateral thinking dispositions of nursing students during the pandemic process. Speed of technological changes accesses the highest level in the current century. Following the technology and usability rate is going down among the world population. The ability of new technology usage created a new social class in society. This differentiation positively or negatively affects the social and economic status of modern human thinking ability, creativity, and life quality. Especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, the ability of current technology usage made a big difference among people to access information and education.Methods: This cross-sectional study is descriptive and relational. The research was conducted with 409 students studying at the Faculty of Nursing of a state university in Istanbul, Turkey. Individual Characteristics Questionnaire, Multidimensional 21st Century Skills Scale, and Lateral Thinking Disposition Scale were used to obtain research data. The data obtained were analysed by number, descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.Results: The results showed that nursing students were able to improve lateral thinking during pandemic. The male students have a significantly higher advantage of using technology compared with female students (p<0.05). We must emphasise that the economy of students also affects their lateral thinking ability (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this century, many changes and transformations are taking place in health care systems in parallel with technological developments. It is necessary that we must educate nurses who can contribute to the changes and transformations and adapt to innovations. To educate new generation innovative nurses we must adapt our education programs together with the academic staff. It is necessary that must educate nurses who can contribute to the changes and transformations and adapt to innovations. To educate new generation innovative nurses we must adapt our education programs together with the academic staff.
Fear of getting pregnant scale development study
(Marmara University, 2023) Alp Dal, Nursel; Beydağ, Kerime Derya
Objective: This study was carried out to develop a measurement tool that determines the factors that may be effective in women's fear of getting pregnant and to test its validity and reliability. Methods: The sample of the study, which was carried out with a methodological design, consisted of 240 sexually active women who presented to the obstetrics clinic of a hospital in the Anatolian side of Istanbul between February 1 and June 1, 2021. The draft of the Fear of Getting Pregnant Scale was created by the researchers. The item pool for the draft scale consisted of 22 items. After the validity and reliability analyses, the final form of the scale contained 18 items. The scale consisted of three dimensions: physical reasons (5 items), psychological reasons (6 items), and social reasons (7 items). After evaluating the content validity of the scale, its test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity were examined. Explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Bartlett's test of sphericity, Cronbach's alpha test, and Shapiro-Wilk test were used in the development of the scale. Results: In the validity and reliability study of the Fear of Getting Pregnant Scale, the Content Validity Index (CVI) was found to be .83. The total Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was determined as .95, and the Cronbach's alpha values of the dimensions were .91 for physical reasons, .89 for psychological reasons, and .90 for social reasons. Conclusion: In line with these data, it was determined that the Fear of Getting Pregnant Scale is a valid and reliable scale.
FIFA transfer sisteminde çocuk haklarının korunması
(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2019) Başar, Feyza
Çocukların korunması hem hukuki hem de sosyal yönden büyük önem taşımakta ve toplumdaki her aktörü yakından ilgilendirmektedir. Son yıllarda tüm spor dallarında ancak özellikle futbolda çocuk sporcuların yüksek hareketliliğe sahip olmaları, onların haklarının yeterince korunup korunmadığı yönünde kaygıların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Bu durum, başta Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) ve Union of European Football Associations (UEFA)olmak üzere uluslararası, bölgesel ve ulusal futbol otoritelerini çocuk korumasına yönelik gerekli hukuki düzenlemeleri yapmaya yöneltmiştir. Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi (BMÇHS) gibi çocuk haklarını koruyan uluslararası sözleşmeler ve bu sözleşmelere taraf olan devletlerin kendi ulusal düzenlemeleri, çocuk sporcuların futbol üzerinden duygusal ve fiziksel zarara, ekonomik istismara ve insan kaçakçılığına maruz kalmaları gibi sorunlarla başa çıkmakta yetersiz kalmıştır. Bu uygulamaların çocuklar üzerinde yarattığı zararlı etkiyi bertaraf etmeyi amaçlayan FIFA, futboldaki diğer ilgililerle birlikte, uluslararası futbolcu transferlerine yönelik katı kurallar geliştirmiş ve uygulamaya koymuştur. İlk olarak 2001 yılında yürürlüğe giren FIFA Futbolcuların Statü ve Transferleri Talimatı (FSTT) 2005, 2009 ve 2015 yıllarında genç oyuncuların koruma kapsamının genişletilmesi amacıyla değişikliğe uğramıştır. Bu çalışmada, çocuk futbolcuların korunmasına ilişkin FIFA uluslararası transfer yasağının ve bu yasağa getirilen istisnaların gelişimi ve nasıl uygulandığı örnek Court of Arbitration for Sports (CAS) kararları ışığında değerlendirilecektir. Bunun nedeni CAS’ın sadece bu hukuki düzenlemelerin ilgililer tarafından ihlal edilmesi ile ortaya çıkan uyuşmazlıkların çözümünü sağlayan en yüksek tahkim otoritesi olmakla kalmayıp aynı zamanda belirli hükümleri inceleyerek ve yorumlayarak aldığı kararlar ile uygulamaya yön veriyor olmasıdır. Bu anlamda CAS, FIFA’nın ortaya koyduğu hukuki çerçevenin ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır.
Veri madenciliği karar ağaçları kullanarak ülkelerin inovasyon değerlerinin tahmini ve doğrusal regresyon modeli ile karşılaştırmalı bir uygulama
(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2021) Doğruel, Merve; Ümit Fırat, Seniye
Ülkelerin sahip olduğu inovasyon seviyeleri ve kapasiteleri, günümüzde hem rekabet edebilirlik hem de yaşamakta olduğumuz Endüstri 4.0 Devrimi açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu kapsamda bakıldığında, ülkeler açısından kapasite ve seviye göreceli bir kavram olarak kalmaktadır ve küresel karşılaştırmalar açısından ortak bir ölçme sistemine gereksinim vardır. Bu ihtiyacı önemli ölçüde karşılayan Ağ Yapılara Hazır Olma Endeksi (AYHOE) ve Küresel İnovasyon Endeksi (KİE), ülkelerin inovasyon seviyelerinin belirlenmesinde etkili ve kapsamlı endekslerdir. Ayrıca her iki endeks de akademik altyapıya sahiptir ve bu nedenle araştırmacılar için önemli bir veri kaynağıdır. Bu çalışma, KİE değeri ve AYHOE endeksine ait alt endekslerin boyutlarında yer alan göstergeler kullanılarak, denetimli makine öğrenmesi temellerine dayanan bir veri madenciliği tekniği olan regresyon ağacı analizi ve doğrusal regresyon analizi uygulamalarını ve karşılaştırmasını içermektedir. Araştırmanın amacı regresyon ağacı uygulayarak, AYHOE göstergelerinden hareketle KİE tahminlemesi yapmak ve en iyi ayrılmayı sağlayan KİE göstergelerini belirlemektir. Analiz için Sınıflandırma ve Regresyon Ağacı ((SRA) - Clasification and Regression Tree (CART)) algoritması kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda AYHOE kapsamındaki hangi göstergelerin, KİE değerleri tahmininde ve ülke sıralamasında kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir. Aynı veri seti kullanılarak doğrusal regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. SRA algoritması ile elde edilen regresyon ağacı sonuçları, doğrusal regresyon modelinden elde edilen çıkarımlar ile karşılaştırılmıştır.

Güncel Gönderiler