Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Diğer Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/11501/5

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Could DTI unlock the mystery of subjective tinnitus: it's time for parameters that go a little out of the routine
(Springer, 2024) Yılmaz, Eren; Yıldırım, Düzgün; Tekcan Şanlı, Deniz Esin; Elpen, Pınar; Gösterişli Tüzüner, Filiz; Gökmen İnan, Neslihan; Şirin, Ahmet; Yağımlı, Mustafa; Tozan, Hakan; Şanlı, Ahmet Necati; Kandemirli, Sedat Giray
In this study, it was aimed to assess the microstructural changes in the main central auditory pathway in cases with subjective tinnitus. In total, 101 subjects (52 cases with bilateral subjective non-pulsatile tinnitus and 49 healthy cases as the control group) were included in the study. Participants underwent pure tone audiogram and Diffusion Tensor Imaging-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DTI-MRI) examination with a 3 Tesla MRI device. The number of tracts, tract length, volume, and quantitative anisotropy (QA) and normalized quantitative anisotropy' (nQA) values were calculated by plotting cochleocortical pathways from the cochlear nerve to ipsilateral and contralateral Heschl's gyrus (HG). In pure tone audiometry, the control group had lower hearing thresholds than cases with tinnitus. Fibres and nQA values from the right cochlear nerve to the right HG were significantly lower in the tinnitus group than in the control group. Cochlear nuclei voxel counts were significantly decreased in the tinnitus group. Both cochlear nucleus volumes were higher in the tinnitus group than in the control group. nQA values in both cochlear nuclei were decreased in the tinnitus group. This study showed that the most commonly affected part in subjective non-pulsatile tinnitus cases is the cochlear nucleus. Therefore, the cochlear nucleus should be evaluated more carefully in cases presenting with subjective tinnitus.
İnsan - endüstriyel mobil robot etkileşiminde güvenlik önlemlerinin boyutlandırılması için nesne tespit modeli geliştirme
(Gazi Universitesi, 2024) Aslan, Tarık; Yağımlı, Mustafa
İnsan-robot etkileşiminde, güvenlik önlemleri için geleneksel olarak tek düzey güvenlik önlemleri uygulanır ve çalışanlara ait kriterler dikkate alınmaz. Bununla birlikte nesne tespit teknolojisi kullanılarak yeni bir yöntem geliştirilebilir; koruyucu donanım kullanımı ve yetki seviyeleri gibi çalışanlara özgü kriterleri tespit edilerek insan-robot etkileşimi risk seviyesi belirlenebilir ve risk büyüklüğüne bağlı olarak farklı büyüklükte güvenlik önlemleri uygulanabilir. Bu araştırmada, YOLOv5n, YOLOv8n ve SSD MobileNet V3 nesne tespit modelleri bu amaçla geliştirilmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, YOLO ailesine ait mimarilerin daha hızlı çalıştığını ve daha yüksek doğruluk seviyelerine ulaştığını ortaya koymuştur. YOLOv5n algoritması GPU kullanımı ile 650 FPS hıza ve test verileriyle yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda %95,7'lik bir F1 doğruluk değerine ulaşılmıştır. Sonuçlar, nesne tespit teknolojisinin yakınlık senyörleriyle eş zamanlı olarak uygulanabilecek bir doğruluk ve hıza ulaştığını ve endüstriyel mobil robotların güvenlik önlemleri almadan önce çalışanların özelliklerini tespit edebileceğini ve riskleri derecelendirebileceğini göstermektedir. Bu durum daha güvenli çalışma ortamı oluşmasına, gereksiz önlemlerin elimine ve operasyonel verimliliğin optimize edilmesine olanak verir. Ayrıca bu yöntem, güvenli çalışma ortamların sağlanmasına yönelik olarak birçok sektörde ve alanda da uygulanabilir.
The boundary value problem for an ordinary linear half-order differential equation
(E.A. Buketov Karaganda University Publish House, 2024) Aliyev, Nihan; Rasulov, Mahir; Sinsoysal, Bahaddin
This study is devoted to the study of the solution of a boundary value problem for an ordinary linear differential equation of half order with constant coefficients. Using of the fundamental solution of the main part of the considered equation, we obtained the principal relations, from which we obtain the necessary conditions for the Fredholm property of the original problem. Further, using the Mittag-Leffler function, a general solution of the homogeneous equation is obtained. Finally, the problem under consideration is reduced to an integral Fredholm equation of the second kind with a non-singular kernel, i.e., the Fredholm property of the stated problem is proved.
Investigation of the network made with the complementary motor of the thalamus with the DTI method in individuals with tinnitus
(Kare Publishing, 2024) Elpen Karyemez, Pınar; Yağımlı, Mustafa; Tozan, Hakan
Objectives:This This study aimed to investigate the differences in the networks between the thalamus and the supplementary motor area in brain MRI examinations of individuals with subjective chronic tinnitus and healthy control groups. Methods: In the study, brain MRI imaging was performed on 47 patients suffering from bilateral tinnitus for two years or more and 42 healthy individuals. The tensor information obtained using the diffusion tensor imaging sequence data obtained from both groups was processed in the DSI Studio program. Brain connection maps were obtained from the data obtained. Quantitative information of the individual connecogram maps of each case was recorded and the groups were compared. Results: In the tinnitus group, there is an increase in the pathways between the thalamus and the supplementary motor area. In addition, it was determined that the pathways of the thalamus with the hippocampus, superior and middle occipital area and frontal area increased, and the pathways with the hippocampus and cerebellum decreased. Conclusion: Important functions of the supplementary motor area and thalamus; These are cognitive actions in which attention plays an important role, such as noticing the stimulus from the environment, planning and implementing the response action. It is thought that changes in the pathways between the thalamus and the supplementary motor area will especially affect attention-related functions.
Effect of administering kefir on the changes in fecal microbiota and symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease: a randomized controlled trial
(AVES, 2019) Yılmaz, İlkay; Dolar, M. Enver; Özpınar, Haydar
Background/Aims: Kefir is a kind of fermented probiotic dairy product. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of kefir consumption on the fecal microflora and symptoms of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Materials and Methods: Kefir was serially diluted and inoculated into de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe agar and incubated at 37 degrees C for 48 to 72 h under anaerobic conditions. This was a single-center, prospective, open-label randomized controlled trial. Forty-five patients with IBD were classified into two groups: 25 for treatment and 20 for control. A 400 mL/day kefir was administered to the patients for 4 weeks day and night. Their stool Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus kefiri, content was quantitated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction before and after consumption. Abdominal pain, bloating, stool frequency, stool consistency, and feeling good scores were recorded in diaries daily by the patients. Results: A 5x10(7) CFU/mL count of lactic acid bacteria colony forming units was found in a kefir sample as the total average count. Lactobacillus bacterial load of feces of all subjects in the treatment group was between 10(4) and 10(9) CFU/g, and the first and last measurements were statistically significant (p=0.001 in ulcerative colitis and p=0.005 in Crohn's disease (CD)). The L. kefiri bacterial load in the stool of 17 subjects was measured as between 10(4) and 10(6) CFU/g. For patients with CD, there was a significant decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, whereas hemoglobin increased, and for the last 2 weeks, bloating scores were significantly reduced (p=0.012), and feeling good scores increased (p=0.032). Conclusion: According to our data, kefir consumption may modulate gut microbiota, and regular consumption of kefir may improve the patient's quality of life in the short term.
Investigation of the effects of infrared rays on DNA strand in hot environment workers by comet assay
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2018) Kanbur, Süheyla; Beceren, Ayfer; Aydemir, Sezgin; Uzun, Mehmet Fatih
IR rays extend from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nm to 1 mm. Occupational exposure of infrared (IR) radiation can emerge in many industrial processes such as bakery, food processing, glass and porcelain productions, iron foundry and mining. IR radiation has beneficial uses for industrial, scientific, and medical applications; however, its possible unhealthy outcomes are unclear. When the thermal comfort conditions are not provided for the bakery employees, especially in the working environments with high temperature values, effects such as fatigue, cramps and heat stroke are observed in the early period. These health problems arise, in particular, from shorter IR wavelengths. In addition, there are not enough studies on the genotoxic risks of bakery workers. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the DNA damage in bakery employees occupationally exposed to the IR rays in hot environment.
Genetics of randomly bred cats support the cradle of cat domestication being in the Near East
(Springernature, 2022) Nilson, Sara M.; Gandolfi, Barbara; Grahn, Robert A.; Kurushima, Jennifer D.; Lipinski, Monika J.; Randi, Ettore; Waly, Nashwa E.; Özpınar, Haydar; Lyons, Leslie A.
Cat domestication likely initiated as a symbiotic relationship between wildcats (Felis silvestris subspecies) and the peoples of developing agrarian societies in the Fertile Crescent. As humans transitioned from hunter-gatherers to farmers similar to 12,000 years ago, bold wildcats likely capitalized on increased prey density (i.e., rodents). Humans benefited from the cats' predation on these vermin. To refine the site(s) of cat domestication, over 1000 random-bred cats of primarily Eurasian descent were genotyped for single-nucleotide variants and short tandem repeats. The overall cat population structure suggested a single worldwide population with significant isolation by the distance of peripheral subpopulations. The cat population heterozygosity decreased as genetic distance from the proposed cat progenitor's (F.s. lybica) natural habitat increased. Domestic cat origins are focused in the eastern Mediterranean Basin, spreading to nearby islands, and southernly via the Levantine coast into the Nile Valley. Cat population diversity supports the migration patterns of humans and other symbiotic species.
Artificial intelligence-based fast and efficient hybrid approach for spatial modelling of soil electrical conductivity
(Elsevier, 2019) Ghorbani, Mohammad Ali; Deo, Ravinesh C.; Kashani, Mahsa H.; Shahabi, Mahmoud; Ghorbani, Shahryar
Expert systems adopted to support modem and rapidly advancing proximal soil sensing technologies can help generate accurately modelled electrical conductivity, as a decision-support parameter defining soil health in terms of the salinity, clay and bulk density compositions, among the other primal soil properties. Electrical conductivity (EC) is expected to correlate with the pertinent factors that regulate the crop yield (ie., soil texture, cation exchange, drainage conditions, organic matter level, salinity, and the subsoil characteristics), which in turn, can also acts to control the overall health of the crop. Utilizing a fast and efficient artificial intelligence approach, this study designs a hybrid predictive model integrating multilayer perception with the Firefly Algorithm (MLP-FFA), and then evaluates its performance in respect to the standalone MLP and the ordinary kriging (OK) model applied in agricultural locality of the Soofiyan, plains in Tabriz, northwest of Iran. To develop a spatial modelling framework, 126 distinct measurements of EC were obtained through a grid sampled at 1000 m x 1000 m spacing, partitioned in training (88) and testing (38) sets. Applying a ratio of nugget to sill to determine the spatial dependence, a spatial modelling strategy was utilized where the spherical, exponential, Gaussian and linear semi-variograms depicting the autocorrelation of the sampled points (latitude x longitude) over the study area were analyzed in ArcGIS to deduce the optimal data characteristics and the respective statistical model. Spherical semi-variogram was the optimal representor for EC, relative to its latitude and longitude, in agreement with the lowest Residual Sums of Squares (RSS) and the highest coefficient of determination (R-2). Hybrid MLP-FFA and standalone MLP models were thus developed with latitude, longitude and measured electrical conductivity in the training set and evaluated in respect to the OK method by means of statistical scores: root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) including the normalized metrics represented by Willmott's Index (WI), Nash Sutcliffe's coefficient (ENs) and Legates & McCabe's Index (EJ. Verified by diagnostic plots and grid-averaged metrics, the results revealed that the hybrid MLP-FFA model performed significantly better than both comparative models, with WI = 0.780 relative to 0.637 (MLP) and 0.714 (OK) models and ENs = 0.725 (vs. 0.511 & 0.589) and E-Lm = 0.552 (vs. 0.402 & 0.413), respectively. Expanded uncertainty, t-statistic and global performance indicators combining the le, RMSE and mean bias error and a Taylor plot also confirmed the efficacy of the hybrid MLP-FFA over the standalone MLP and OK model. There was no significant difference between the results of standalone MLP and OK when evaluated through spatial trend maps, while the hybrid MLP-FFA model exhibited a better ability to establishing nonlinear relation. ships with electrical conductivity data, resulting in a better representation of the spatially modelled EC. Our results ascertain the prodigious performance of a hybrid MLP-FFA over a standalone MLP and ordinary kriging approaches, attributable to a better utility of the Firefly algorithm in improved spatial estimation of electrical conductivity. This study concludes that the hybrid MLP-FFA model should be explored to solve practical problems in soil physics, particularly in designing decision-support systems to attain agricultural precision.

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