The effect of baby walker's use on musculoskeletal system and physical activity level

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dc.contributor.authorGökçek, Özden
dc.contributor.authorCam, Yağmur
dc.contributor.authorDoğru Hüzmeli, Esra
dc.contributor.authorÖzkeskin, Mehmet
dc.contributor.authorBaser, Miray
dc.contributor.authorHürriyetoğlu, Arzu
dc.contributor.authorYıldırım, Baran
dc.contributor.authorEl, Çiğdem
dc.contributor.authorCosmin Boca, Ioan
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-10T11:00:52Z
dc.date.available2025-11-10T11:00:52Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentFakülteler, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü
dc.description.abstractBackground: The use of baby walkers (BWs) continues to be a common practice among parents. Despite the available literature on the disadvantages of BW use, its use as a play tool is still widespread. It is important to evaluate the effects of BW use on motor development and the musculoskeletal system from multiple perspectives. Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine differences in physical activity, posture, and muscle strength between children who used BWs during infancy and those who did not. Methods: Thirty-nine children aged 8 – 14 years attending Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child Health and Diseases for routine check-ups participated. Those with orthopedic problems, chronic diseases, or neurological conditions were excluded. Written informed consent was obtained from parents and children. Participants were grouped by BW use history. Demographics, motor milestones, age at BW introduction, and duration of use were recorded. Physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children, posture with the New York Posture Rating, and muscle strength with a digital dynamometer. Results: The mean age was 10.83 ± 1.65 in the BW group and 10.13 ± 1.88 in the non-BW group. All motor development stages were observed to be normal in non-BW users. Although walking onset occurred earlier in the BW group, other motor stages appeared delayed compared to non-users (P > 0.05). A significant asymmetry in lower extremity muscle strength was found among BW users (P < 0.05). Additionally, physical activity levels on weekends were significantly lower in the BW group compared to non-users (P = 0.008). Conclusions: Baby walker use may accelerate walking onset but could be linked to delays in other motor skills, asymmetrical muscle strength, and reduced physical activity. Caution is advised regarding BW use in infancy. The small sample size and cross-sectional design limit causal interpretations; larger longitudinal studies are recommended.
dc.identifier.doi10.5812/ijpediatr-152307
dc.identifier.issn2950-1709
dc.identifier.issn3117-5341
dc.identifier.issue5
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105020301115
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.5812/ijpediatr-152307
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11501/2502
dc.identifier.volume35
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001604493200001
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.institutionauthorDoğru Hüzmeli, Esra
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0002-7025-8192
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBrieflands
dc.relation.ispartofInnovative Journal of Pediatrics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectBaby Walker
dc.subjectMuscle Strength
dc.subjectPhysical Activity
dc.subjectPostural Analysis
dc.titleThe effect of baby walker's use on musculoskeletal system and physical activity level
dc.typeArticle

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