Mapping global green transformation: integrating OECD green growth indicators into a composite policy-innovation index

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dc.contributor.authorBalcıoğlu, Yavuz Selim
dc.contributor.authorÇubukçu Çerasi, Ceren
dc.contributor.authorKilitci Calayır, Arzu
dc.contributor.authorBilgen, Ayşe
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-26T07:37:20Z
dc.date.available2026-02-26T07:37:20Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentFakülteler, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bölümü
dc.description.abstractMeasuring national progress toward green transformation remains challenging due to fragmented assessment frameworks. This study develops and validates a Green Transformation Index that captures the capacity for sustainability transitions by integrating resource efficiency, innovation systems, and policy instruments. Using OECD Green Growth Indicators covering 58 economies from 2017 to 2025, we construct a composite index from 47 standardized indicators organized into three theoretically grounded dimensions. The GTI measures transformation capacity through innovation investment and policy frameworks rather than environmental outcomes. Results reveal substantial heterogeneity in transformation capacity with a Gini coefficient of 0.283, indicating persistent global inequality. Temporal analysis identifies a three-phase trajectory: consolidation from 2017 to 2019, acceleration during 2021 to 2023 driven by green recovery investments, and marked reversal in 2024 to 2025, highlighting vulnerability to economic shocks. Cluster analysis identifies four distinct pathways: innovation-driven, balanced integration, resource-first, and policy-led approaches. Critical findings show only 19 percent of countries demonstrate strong coordination between innovation investments and policy instruments, revealing significant governance fragmentation. Validation tests confirm the index effectively measures innovation capacity but shows weak correlation with emissions outcomes, underscoring the distinction between transformation inputs and environmental performance.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su18031513
dc.identifier.issn2071-1050
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105030066632
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/su18031513
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11501/2655
dc.identifier.volume18
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001688089400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.institutionauthorKilitci Calayır, Arzu
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0003-4226-6272
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.relation.ispartofSustainability (Switzerland)
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectComposite Index
dc.subjectGreen Transformation Capacity
dc.subjectInnovation Systems
dc.subjectPolicy Coherence
dc.subjectSustainability Transitions
dc.titleMapping global green transformation: integrating OECD green growth indicators into a composite policy-innovation index
dc.typeArticle

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