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  • Öğe
    Human side of strategic alliances, cooperations and manoeuvrings during recession and crisis
    (Springer, 2017) Uslu, Tuna
    Together with the globalizing economy, it is no more possible for any system to survive by ignoring the market changes and transformations. A change taking place anyhow in any place of the world triggers complex processes and affects everyone by growing in waves. Successful ways of business conduct of today is based on predicting the growth speed of these waves and on the ability to carry out strategic cooperations and manoeuvres accordingly. Sometimes these fluctuations also trigger serious crises. Apart from the shocks created in organizational structures, periods of crisis have complex effects on people. Some people approach to these events in hesitation, while other people or organizations happen to have skills to turn these processes into opportunity. The practical examples show that the organizations that adapt to new condition by getting simpler and getting rid of burdens in the constriction process are able to come out in a better condition before the crisis. This section discusses the way of organizations to become human oriented when acting strategically during strategic alliances, cooperations and manoeuvrings.
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    Redefining endurance testing in soccer: the reliability and impact of a ball-integrated yo-yo intermittent recovery test
    (Campus Educa Sportis S.L., 2025) Yılmaz, Levent; Shahidi, Seyed Houtan
    The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo) is a widely recognized method for assessing aerobic capacity in soccer players. Despite its utility, the test does not incorporate ball manipulation, which is a critical component of soccer-specific endurance. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of a modified soccer-specific Yo-Yo test (MYo-Yo) that includes ball dribbling, passing, and control, and to compare the physiological responses with those from the conventional Yo-Yo test. Twenty elite male soccer players (mean ± SD: age, 16.4 ± 1 years; height, 173 ± 7 cm; body mass, 65.7 ± 10.4 kg) completed both Yo-Yo tests, with and without ball manipulation. Performance metrics included the number of completed shuttles (Level), total distance covered (Distance; m), and blood lactate concentration (Lactate; mmol/L), while maximal oxygen consumption (V̇ O2 max; ml/min/kg) was estimated for all trials. The modified Yo-Yo test (MYo-Yo) demonstrated high reliability, with Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) of 0.802 for Level, 0.982 for Distance, 0.997 for V̇ O2 max, and 0.992 for Lactate (P ≤ 0.001). Comparatively, the MYo-Yo test resulted in significantly lower distances than the standard Yo-Yo test (832 vs. 1520 m, respectively; P < 0.001) and lower lactate concentrations (5.2 vs. 10.9 mmol/L; P < 0.001). No significant correlations were found between the two tests for outcomes (P > 0.05). In summary, integrating ball manipulation in the MYo-Yo test introduces distinct physical and technical demands that influence overall performance. The MYo-Yo test offers a reliable alternative for assessing soccer-specific endurance, better replicating the physical demands encountered during a soccer match.
  • Öğe
    ICAIS’24 international conference on artificial intelligence studies “future trends in AI: academy meeting with industry”
    (Istanbul Gedik University Press, 2024) Köseoğlu, Ahmet Murat; Özdemir, İsmail; Akkaş, Zuhal; Kökçü, Gizem
    In this era of rapidly advancing science and technology, it is exciting to see that artificial intelligence (AI) has become a part of real life from science fiction stories and is transforming more areas daily. Today, the impact of AI on our lives has undoubtedly gained great momentum. These effects are deeply felt in social, industrial, and academic areas worldwide. With its computing power and data processing capacity, artificial intelligence has become one of the most important inventions in human history. It has brought groundbreaking innovations in technology and engineering, health, law, economy, agriculture, art, education, aviation, and many other disciplines. The innovations that artificial intelligence brings to these disciplines not only make life more efficient, safer, and more comfortable but also offer the potential to find solutions to social problems. However, another critical issue to be considered when developing and using artificial intelligence technologies is ethical and legal responsibilities. The primary priorities to be emphasized are that artificial intelligence systems are fair, transparent, and accountable in their decision-making processes. While maximizing the potential benefits of AI, it should never be forgotten that social rights must be protected, individual privacy must be respected, and human rights must be respected. At this point, the concepts of rights, law, and ethics must be blended with AI to ensure that it is developed and implemented responsibly. This conference emphasizes that artificial intelligence technologies are a power that should be discovered and used not only by scientists and researchers but also by the industry, business world, and public sector. The presentations, discussions, and workshops we will hold here today will reveal where artificial intelligence can reach in the future, in which sectors it will be used more, and how it can transform life. Our conference was shaped by the fact that artificial intelligence touches every discipline. From engineering to medicine, law to education, agriculture to art, the opportunities and innovations offered by artificial intelligence in every field, as well as the ethical and legal responsibilities encountered in these fields, were discussed.
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    The relationship between sleep quality and posture: a study on university students
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Badau, Adela; Badau, Dana; Şarvan Cengiz, Şebnem; Coşkun, Ebrar Şevval
    The aim of this study is to investigate body posture, physical exercises, head–neck relationship, and sleep quality among university students. A total of 96 students, with an average age of 20.86 ± 1.24 years and an average BMI of 23.41 ± 2.56, voluntarily participated in the study. The REEDCO Posture Evaluation (RPE) was used to assess the participants’ body posture scores. Head and neck measurements were taken using the Apecs-AI Posture Evaluation and Correction System® (Apecs Posture Analysis Pro Plus Version 8.2.6). Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that increased caffeine consumption was associated with poorer sleep quality (r = 0.267, p < 0.05). Additionally, increased participation in physical activities was associated with improved sleep quality, with those engaging in sports having better sleep quality scores (r = ?0.278, p < 0.05). As physical activity increased, REEDCO scores decreased (r = ?0.423, p < 0.05), while scores for right head (r = 0.210, p < 0.05) and left head (r = 0.247, p < 0.05) increased. Significant negative correlations were found between REEDCO scores and right head (r = ?0.296, p < 0.05) and left head (r = ?0.463, p < 0.05) scores. In conclusion, due to the limited number of studies investigating head–neck relationships and sleep quality, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn; further and more comprehensive research is needed.
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    Respiratory responses and isocapnic buffering phase in child and youth soccer players during an incremental exercise test
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2024) Korkmaz Eryılmaz, Selcen; Karakaş, Selçuk; Boyraz, Cumhur; Günaştı, Özgür; Kılcı, Abdullah; Özdemir, Çiğdem; Özgünen, Kerem; Koç, Muhammed; Adaş, Ümit; Kurdak, Sadi
    Purpose: This study investigated the respiratory response and isocapnic buffering (IB) phase during an incremental exercise test to exhaustion in 16 child soccer players (11.9±0.9 years) and 18 youth soccer players (18.2±2.9 years). Methods: The IB phase was calculated as the difference in oxygen uptake (VO2) between the respiratory compensation point (RCP) and metabolic threshold (MT) and expressed in either absolute or relative values. Results: The maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was higher in youth players than in child players. For youth players, VO2max was measured at 55.9 ± 3.6 mL min?1 kg?1 and 74.9 ± 4.8 mL min?1 kg?0.75, while for child players, VO2max was 50.8 ± 4.1 mL min?1 kg?1 and 67.2 ± 6.1 mL min?1 kg?0.75 (p < 0.001). MT and RCP occurred at 69.8 ± 6.7% and 90.9 ± 6.9% of VO2max in child players and at 73.9 ± 5.1% and 91.5 ± 4.5% of VO2max in youth players, respectively. The two groups had no significant difference (p > 0.05). Absolute IB (10.6 ± 2.8 vs 9.7 ± 3.1 mL min?1 kg?1), relative IB (23.1 ± 5.7 vs 19.1 ± 6.1), and the ratio of RCP VO2 to MT VO2 (1.3 ± 0.09 vs 1.24 ± 0.09) were similar in child and youth players (p > 0.05). There was no difference in minute ventilation (V?E, mL min?1 kg?1) and respiratory exchange ratio during exercise between the two groups (p > 0.05). During exercise, respiratory frequency, ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2) and oxygen (VE/VO2), VE/VCO2 slope, end-tidal O2 pressure were higher in child players than in youth players, while tidal volume (L kg?1), O2 pulse, and end-tidal CO2 pressure were lower (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Despite differences in aerobic capacity and ventilatory response to exercise, child players showed similar IB phase as youth players. Although child players have lower ventilation efficiency than youth players, the higher ventilation response for a given VCO2 may provide an advantage in regulating acid-base balance during intense exercise.
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    Active life center: a Turkish model for teaching students with disabilities
    (Sagamore Publishing LLC, 2016) Özer, Dilara; Grenier, Michelle; Nalbant, Sibel; Hatipoğlu Özcan, Gülsüm
    In Turkey, there are many kinds of educational environments for children with disabilities. Some of these are inclusive; others are special education classes within the mainstream schools. A third category includes separate, special education schools. There are also Special Education and Rehabilitation Centers (SERC) that provide support to all children including those with severe disabilities. While there are mandatory employees such as physical therapists, child development specialists, psychologists and special education teachers, there are no physical education or adapted physical education teachers included as part of the special education teams in the rehabilitation centers. As a result, children placed in the centers receive little attention in the area of physical education. This article describes the experiences of children and their families involved with the Active Life Center in Istanbul, Turkey as well as the programs and research initiatives associated with the center. Founded in 2012, the center is designed to support the rights of children with disabilities to participate in sport and physical activity through a variety of programs.
  • Öğe
    The relationship between lower limb stiffness and running economy in child soccer players
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 2023) Karakaş, Selçuk; Korkmaz Eryılmaz, Selcen; Boyraz, Cumhur; Kılcı, Abdullah; Günaştı, Özgür; Özdemir, Çiğdem; Özgünen, Kerem; Kurdak, Sadi
    Introduction: Lower limb stiffness has been shown to be associated with running economy (RE) in adults, but this relationship in children remains unclear. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between lower limb stiffness, RE, and repeated-sprint ability in child soccer players. Methods: Twenty-eight male child soccer players (mean age 11.8 +/- 0.9 years) participated in the study. RE was determined by measuring the steady-state oxygen uptake (ml/min/kg) at submaximal running speeds of 8 and 9 km/h. Vertical and leg stiffness were calculated from the flight and contact time data obtained during two submaximal running tests. Additionally, vertical stiffness was measured during the maximal and submaximal hopping tests. All participants performed the repeated sprint test consisting of 10 x 20-m all-out sprints interspersed with 20-s active recovery. Results: During both su bmaxima I running tests, vertical (r= -0.505 to -0.472) and leg stiffness (r= -0.484 to -0.459) were significantly correlated with RE (p< 0.05). Maximal (r= -0.450) and submaximal hopping stiffness (r= -0.404) were significantly correlated with RE at 8 km/h (p< 0.05). Maximal hopping stiffness was significantly correlated with the best sprint time (r= -0.439) and mean sprint time (r= -0.496) (p< 0.05). Vertical (r= -0.592 to -0.433) and leg stiffness (r= -0.612 to -0.429) at 8 and 9 km/h and submaximal hopping stiffness (r= -0.394) were significantly correlated with the fatigue index (p< 0.05). Conclusions: Current findings indicate that the lower limb stiffness may be an important determinant of both RE and repeated-sprint ability in child soccer players.
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    Investigation of the mediator role of cultural variables in sports club management for undergraduate sports management curriculum programs
    (Lahore Medical Research Center Llp, 2021) Samur, Serdar
    Change management in sports organizations is important in terms of organizational continuity. Sports Clubs, like other organizations, have their own behavioral patterns, beliefs and values. The sum of these differences constitute the variables within the organizational culture. Sports clubs that are aware of and develop their own cultural variables have a healthy organizational continuity.The aim of this study is to define the cultural variables of a sports club and to examine these variables in sports management education.This research was carried out according to qualitative research methods.According to the findings obtained in the research, it was concluded that Institutional purposes, principles, understanding and rules, norms, beliefs and symbols and basic values are important among the culture variables.
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    Establishing football vocational schools: perspective from Turkey
    (Lahore Medical Research Center Llp, 2021) Samur, Serdar
    The aim of this study was to understand what principles should be used in the future when establishing Football Vocational Schools in Turkey in order to ensure that future Turkish football players are better trained, and that this occurs in economically viable ways. The study was conducted as a case study. The data were collected using the interview technique and then subject to content analysis. Converting the football academy units currently found in Turkish sports clubs into Football Vocational Schools will fill the current deficiencies in the Turkish education system and will provide the well-trained and elite football players increasingly required by professional clubs. These schools should focus on providing education and training in football, which should be complemented by the subjects in the national education curriculum. This will make it easier for talented young footballers to choose football as a profession from an early age. Such a training model will help create a new service area with high added value in a market in which there is strong international competition.
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    Bir fitness trendi olarak CrossFit'in Türkiye'deki yapısı ve kültürü
    (Atatürk Üniversitesi, 2022) Sarıçam, Hüseyin; Madan, Murat; Soykan, Aytekin
    Dünyada daha önceki yıllarda ortaya çıkmış ve yayılmış olan CrossFit sporunun Türkiye’deki gelişimi ve CrossFit’e ait kültürünün nasıl olduğunu anlamak ve mevcut durumuyla ilgili bilgi edinmek bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseni kullanılan çalışmada, veri toplama tekniği olarak bireysel görüşme formu hazırlanmış ve görüşme tekniği ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını İstanbul, Ankara, Muğla, Aydın ve Manisa illerinde yaşayan CrossFit sporuyla en az 2 yıl süreyle ilgilenmiş, çeşitli ulusal ve uluslararası müsabakalara katılmış, 6 erkek 4 kadın olmak üzere toplamda 10 gönüllü oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde 6 ana tema ve 14 alt kategoriye ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucu olarak CrossFit’in sağladığı faydalardan dolayı tercih edildiği, CrossFit yapanların fiziksel yönden fit görünümlü oldukları, CrossFit’e aidiyetlerini gösterir çeşitli ekipmanlar kullandıkları, takım ruhu ve dayanışmaya önem verdikleri tespit edilmiştir.
  • Öğe
    Walking speed gender differences in prepubertal children: an observational study
    (Galenos Publishing House, 2022) Ahmedov, Shahin; Yaman Lesinger, Figen; Oytun, Musa; Filiz, Barış; Özkan, Fatih Kerem
    BACKGROUND/AIMS: Walking speed associates with a person's functional status and balance confidence, both of which diminish with age. The difference in children's body composition and prepubertal metabolic rate suggested gender variability in their walking parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The preferred step length, cadence, and overall walking speed of 457 school children (256 boys) aged 12.65 +/- 2.16 years old were assessed during a 20 meter walk. The participants' height, weight, and heart rate values were also collected. RESULTS: The preferred walking speed analysis demonstrated that the girls, despite their shorter height and age, moved faster than the boys (1.35 +/- 0.22 m/sec in boys. 1.43 +/- 0.22 m/sec in girls, p<0.01). The girls' baseline heart rate correlated with their final walking speed (n=177, r=0.202, p<0.05). Although, as expected, the children's step length positively correlated with their height (n=457, r=0.42; p<0.05), with an increase in the child's height, the step-to-height ratio decreased significantly (n=457, r= -0.40; p<0.05). The average walking speed in prepubertal children (1.39 +/- 0.22 m/sec) was the highest among all population groups. CONCLUSION: Girls demonstrated better walking performance compared to boys. The preferred walking speed allows for a quick assessment of the child's physical development necessary for effective exercise programs.
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    Effects of exercise on periodontal parameters in obese women
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Alkan, Begüm; Güzeldemir Akçakanat, Esra; Odabaş Özgür, Bahar; Özgür, Turgay; Demirdizen Taşkıran, Ayla; Kır, Hale Maral; Alpay, Numan; Çaycı Akkan, Ece
    Background: Several studies have demonstrated an association between obesity, periodontitis, and exercise. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of regular exercise on obese women with periodontal disease, using serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples. A before-after study design was adopted to evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of regular exercise on obese women grouped according to periodontal status, without a control group (no exercise). The study sample comprised of 15 patients without periodontitis (NP group) and 10 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP group), from whom periodontal parameters were measured and serum, saliva, and GCF samples were collected. Body mass index (BMI), anthropometric measurements, somatotype-motoric tests, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) were recorded at baseline and after exercise. Subjects and Methods: Med Calc was used for statistical analysis. Results: After exercise, a significant decrease in BMI and a significant increase in VO2max were observed in both groups. A significant decrease in probing depth and clinical attachment loss, serum leptin, GCF tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha) and leptin, and a significant increase in GCF resistin were observed in the CP group. A significant decrease in serum TNF-alpha and leptin levels and a significant increase in serum resistin and GCF TNF-alpha, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin levels were observed in the NP group. Significant correlations between bleeding on probing and levels of interleukin-1 beta and leptin in GCF were observed in the CP group. Conclusions: This study showed that regular exercise exerts different impacts with respect to clinical and biochemical aspects of periodontal and systemic conditions in obese women.
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    Obesity perception survey among youth in Turkey: instrument development and test-retest reliability
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2019) Jayawardene, Wasantha; Pınar, Salih; Torabi, Mohammad; Xun, Pengcheng; Özer, Mustafa Kamil
    Background/aim: We aimed to develop an instrument that can assess the perceptions and opinions of young people regarding the causes and consequences of obesity and the role of individuals, families, communities, and government in addressing obesity. Materials and methods: A 36-question (101-item) survey was developed by adopting, translating, and revising multiple-choice or Likert-scale questions from existing surveys to assure construct cross-cultural validity. A two-factor mixed-effects model estimated the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to measure the test-retest reliability of questions administered 2 weeks apart to a convenient sample of Istanbul high school and university students, aged 15-25 years (n = 122). Results: The mean ICC for university and high school was 0.70 and 0.63, respectively. University students were more consistent in relating the problem to society and public policy preferences. High school students were more consistent in relating the problem and solution to themselves and their immediate environments. Using a 0.5 cutoff for the ICC's lower 95% confidence limit, followed by reevaluation of the question flow, a 19-question (36-item) survey was retained for adolescents and a 26-question (52-item) survey for young adults. Conclusion: While the survey items have moderate to excellent reliability for high school and university students, it can be administered longitudinally to suggest changes to policies and interventions, and after cross-cultural validation, it can be utilized to compare obesity perceptions across different populations.
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    GMFCS level improvement in children with cerebral palsy treated with repeat botulinum toxin injections and intensive rehabilitation: a retrospective study
    (IOS Press, 2022) Dursun, Nigar; Akyüz, Merve; Gökbel, Tuğba; Akarsu, Melike; Yılmaz, Esin; Karacan, Çağla; Dursun, Erbil
    PURPOSE: The Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) provides a standardized classification of motor disability in children with cerebral palsy (CP) that is typically considered longitudinally stable. Here, changes in GMFCS levels of children with CP who received repeated botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injections within an intensive rehabilitation approach were evaluated. METHODS: This retrospective, observational study included 503 children with CP (GMFCS I-V) treated in a single university rehabilitation clinic. Individualized treatment plans and a variety of rehabilitation techniques were incorporated within an integrated model of care. Each child received >= 2 repeated BoNT-A injections as well as an intensive rehabilitation program. RESULTS: GMFCS level following repeat treatment improved in 42.1% of the patients and worsened in 3 patients; 14.9% of children showed improvement after 1 treatment cycle, 12.3% after 2 cycles, 7.6% after 3 cycles, 3.6% after 4 cycles, and 3.8% after >= 5 cycles. Type of involvement (p < 0.001), baseline GMFCS (p = 0.001), number of treatment cycles (p < 0.001) and presence of severe dystonia (p = 0.032) were significant predictors of GMFCS improvement, but age and gender were not. CONCLUSION: Children with CP may change GMFCS level when intensive rehabilitation programs are combined with repeated BoNT-A injections.
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    Hemorheological alterations following an acute bout of nordic hamstring exercise in active male participants
    (IOS Press, 2019) Ünver, Fatma; Kılıç Toprak, Emine; Kılıç Erkek, Özgen; Korkmaz, Halil; Özdemir, Yasin; Oymak, Burak; Oskay, Alten
    BACKGROUND: The Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) has been proven to be an effective preventive technique for hamstring injuries. Hemorheological parameters (erythrocyte deformability and aggregation) play a critical role in exercise influencing oxygenation. Although previous studies presented hemorheological alterations induced by different types of exercise, changes in red blood cell (RBC) deformability and aggregation following NHE remain unknown. Present study was designed to explore possible alterations in hemorheological and oxidative parameters after an acute bout of NHE. METHODS: 10 healthy, male, active students (mean age 19.9 +/- 0.23, BML: 21.56 +/- 0.54) participated to the study. They performed a single session of seven-repetitions of NHE followed by a familiarisation period. Blood samples were obtained before and immediately after the exercise from the antecubital vein. Hemorheological parameters were measured by an ektacytometer. RESULTS: NHE did not change deformability, hematocrit and oxidative stress but, increased RBC aggregation index (AI, p =0 .011) and decreased RBC aggregation half time (t1/2, p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that, increased RBC aggregation following an acute bout of NHE may result in increased plasma skimming and thus ease the flow of blood.
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    Increased erythrocyte aggregation following an acute bout of eccentric isokinetic exercise does not exceed two days
    (IOS Press, 2018) Kılıç Toprak, Emine; Ünver, Fatma; Kılıç Erkek, Özgen; Korkmaz, Halil; Özdemir, Yasin; Oymak, Burak; Oskay, Alten
    BACKGROUND: Isokinetic exercise is used to reduce strength imbalance and to enhance performance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of a single bout of eccentric isokinetic exercise on hemorheology (erythrocyte deformability and aggregation), total oxidant/antioxidant status (TOS/TAS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) in active individuals. METHODS: The study comprises 11 active, healthy, male subjects (mean age of 19.45 +/- 0.31 years, BMI 22.05 +/- 0.51 kg/m(2)). They performed single, unilateral eccentric contractions of knee flexors and extensors with dominant leg on a dynamometer. Isokinetic hamstring, quadriceps strength were recorded at eccentric (30, 120 degrees s(-1)) angular velocities. Eight active age-matched healthy male subjects were included as a control group, who did not receive exercise. Blood samples were obtained before, immediately after and two days after the exercise session. Hemorheological parameters were measured by an ektacytometer. TOS/TAS were determined using a commercial kit. RESULTS: A session of eccentric isokinetic exercise did not affect erythrocyte deformability and oxidative stress indices, whereas red blood cell (RBC) aggregation was increased initially and returned to pre-exercise levels after two days following exercise. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that, increased RBC aggregation following an acute bout of isokinetic exercise may result in increased plasma skimming that augments tissue perfusion and clearance of metabolites within a period of two days following exercise.
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    Evaluation of the relationship between body composition and aerobic fitness in youth soccer players
    (Iermakov S.S., 2018) Nalbant, Özgür; Özer, Kamil
    Purpose: The purpose of the study was to make an evaluation between aerobic fitnes (VO2max) and body composition in youth soccer players. Material: U19, U17, U16 and U15 age groups participated in the study. Twenty-eight U19 (average age 18,03 +/- 0,58), twenty-three U17 (average age 16,72 +/- 0,30), twenty-seven U16 (average age 15,79 +/- 0,23) and twenty-one U15 (average age 14,67 +/- 0,31) totally ninety-nine athletes voluntarily participated in the study. The subjects' body weight and fat percentage were estimated by bioelectrical impedance. VO2max was determined by YOYO Intermittan Recovery test protocol. Shapiro-wilk test, Independent t test, hierarchical regression and analysis of covariance were used to compare the relationships between aerobic fitness and body composition. Additionally, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationships between variables. The level of significance for all statistics was set at p<0.05. SPSS 23 software was used to calculate the data. The total value of all estimators is f = 18,001 and p< 0.0001. Results: Although all variables were included in the model, the BMI was considered the greatest explanatory factor for fatness. Aerobic endurance was assessed in direct proportion to age, sit and reach test, crunch test, plank, and long jump test. As the distance increased, the% fat ratio decreased (p<0.001), and the fat ratio decreased with the decrease in the T test (p<0.001). Conclusions: In this study, it was determined that body fat ratio determined by BMI, body fat percentage decreased with increasing aerobic endurance, body fat ratio was negatively correlated with aerobic fitness and lean body ratio. It was also determined that aerobic fitness was positively correlated with age, sit and reach, crunch test, plank, standing long jump and T test.
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    Abusive supervision climate and turnover intention: is it my coworkers or my supervisor ostracizing me?
    (Wiley-Hindawi, 2022) Özkan, Ahmet Hakan
    Aim The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between turnover intention and related constructs in an abusive supervision climate. Background An abusive supervision climate is a work environment that is affected by the negative attitudes of an abusive supervisor. Method The constructs are chosen in light of upper echelons theory and social learning theory. The snowball sampling method is used to reach the participants, and 230 nurses working in Turkish hospitals participated in this survey that measured abusive supervision, workplace incivility and ostracism. Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple and hierarchical linear regression analyses are carried out. Results The results suggested that abusive supervision, workplace incivility and workplace bullying have a positive effect on turnover intention as hypothesized. Abusive supervision has a significant and positive effect on workplace incivility and workplace bullying. The partial mediating effects of workplace bullying, workplace incivility and workplace ostracism on the relationship between abusive supervision and turnover intention are also confirmed. Conclusion The significant relationships and the nonsignificant relationship provided evidence for an abusive supervision climate. Implications for Nursing Management Top managers of the health care facilities should attempt to determine the abusive supervisors to manage the work environment and turnover intention of nurses.
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    The effect of rheumatoid arthritis on upper extremity functions: a kinematic perspective
    (Wiley, 2022) Gür Kabul, Elif; Ünver, Fatma; Alptekin, Ahmet; Korkmaz, Halil; Başakçı Çalık, Bilge; Taşçı, Murat; Çobankara, Veli
    Aim To examine the global upper extremity kinematics in 3D while performing jar opening motion in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and to compare these with healthy individuals. Method Twenty-four women (12 healthy, 12 RA) were included. Evaluations were made with a JAMAR dynamometer, Health Assessment Questionnaire, and 3D kinematic analysis of global upper extremity during jar opening motion. The time taken during jar opening motion was analyzed in 2 parts (Part 1, Part 2), with total time: part 1 + part 2. In addition, shoulder-to-table distance; elbow flexion angle; wrist extension angle; the area scanned and angular rotation by arm, forearm and hand were used in the analysis. Results Between groups, there was a statistical difference in: bilateral hand grip strength; part 1, part 2, total time; shoulder-to-table distance; elbow flexion angle; the area scanned by hand; angular rotation of arm and hand in favor of the healthy group (P < .05). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, the most predictive variable for disability was elbow flexion, explaining 53.9% of disability. Conclusion Compared to healthy individuals, individuals with RA have slower motion, more elbow flexion, less hand grip strength, circular pattern in hand, rotation in arm and hand. Increased disability may result in greater load on elbow flexion.
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    Relationships among teachers' perceptions on coworker social loafing, organizational justice and task visibility
    (Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2022) Himmetoğlu, Beyza; Ayduğ, Damla; Bayrak, Coşkun
    Purpose - The main aim of the research is to investigate the relationships among primary school teachers' perceptions on coworker social loafing, organizational justice and task visibility. It is also examined whether teachers' opinions on organizational justice and task visibility are statistically significant predictors of their perceptions on coworker social loafing. Design/methodology/approach - Research was designed by using correlational survey model. The sample of the study consisted of 656 teachers selected by cluster sampling method among primary school teachers working in Eskisehir. Findings - Research results showed that teachers' perceptions on their coworkers' social loafing levels were low, while their perceptions on organizational justice and task visibility were high. Furthermore, it was determined that distributive justice and task visibility predicted 13% of teachers' perceptions about their coworkers' social loafing levels. According to this finding, as teachers' perceptions of distributive justice and task visibility increase, their perceptions about coworker social loafing decrease. Originality/value - This paper is unique in terms of examining the most probable antecedents of social loafing perceptions according to the literature among teachers which are organizational justice and task visibility together in Turkey context. The facts that social loafing studies are rare and hardly encountered among studies in the field of educational administration distinguish this study and make it appropriate to be published in a journal whose scope includes creation of an environment in which the management of resources provides the most efficient outputs.