Distinctive delta and theta responses in deductive and probabilistic reasoning

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dc.contributor.authorSevim, Emir Faruk
dc.contributor.authorYıldırım, Yasin
dc.contributor.authorÜnsal, Esra
dc.contributor.authorDalmızrak, Esra
dc.contributor.authorGüntekin, Bahar
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-16T05:50:24Z
dc.date.available2025-01-16T05:50:24Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentFakülteler, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü
dc.description.abstractIntroductionThe neural substrates of reasoning, a cognitive ability we use constantly in daily life, are still unclear. Reasoning can be divided into two types according to how the inference process works and the certainty of the conclusions. In deductive reasoning, certain conclusions are drawn from premises by applying the rules of logic. On the other hand, in probabilistic reasoning, possible conclusions are drawn by interpreting the semantic content of arguments.MethodsWe examined event-related oscillations associated with deductive and probabilistic reasoning. To better represent the natural use of reasoning, we adopted a design that required participants to choose what type of reasoning they would use. Twenty healthy participants judged the truth values of alternative conclusion propositions following two premises while the EEG was being recorded. We then analyzed event-related delta and theta power and phase-locking induced under two different conditions.ResultsWe found that the reaction time was shorter and the accuracy rate was higher in deductive reasoning than in probabilistic reasoning. High delta and theta power in the temporoparietal, parietal, and occipital regions of the brain were observed in deductive reasoning. As for the probabilistic reasoning, prolonged delta response in the right hemisphere and high frontal theta phase-locking were noted.ConclusionOur results suggest that the electrophysiological signatures of the two types of reasoning have distinct characteristics. There are significant differences in the delta and theta responses that are associated with deductive and probabilistic reasoning. Although our findings suggest that deductive and probabilistic reasoning have different neural substrates, consistent with most of the studies in the literature, there is not yet enough evidence to make a comprehensive claim on the subject. There is a need to diversify the growing literature on deductive and probabilistic reasoning with different methods and experimental paradigms.
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/brb3.70179
dc.identifier.issn2162-3279
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.pmid39778028
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85214487173
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70179
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11501/1598
dc.identifier.volume15
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001392904300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.institutionauthorYıldırım, Yasin
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0001-9362-7205
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofBrain and Behavior
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectConditional Reasoning
dc.subjectDeductive Reasoning
dc.subjectElectroencephalography
dc.subjectEvent-Related Oscillations
dc.subjectProbabilistic Reasoning
dc.titleDistinctive delta and theta responses in deductive and probabilistic reasoning
dc.typeArticle

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